The Solar System
10th Edition
ISBN: 9781337672252
Author: The Solar System
Publisher: Cengage
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Textbook Question
Chapter 1, Problem 6P
Venus orbits 0.72 AU from the Sun. What is that distance in kilometers? (Hint: See Problem 3.)
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(to two decimal places): (what is ‘h’?)
Eccentricity of earth orbit is 0.0167
µ(sun) = 1.32712E+11 km^3/s^
semimajor axis of Earth orbit = 1.49598E+08
need to figure out what ‘h’ is.
a) Calculate the speed of the earth around the sun at aphelion? (29.29 KM/S)
b) At perihelion? (30.29 KM/S)
Two planets orbit the same star in circular orbits. One orbits at a distance of 167AU and takes 1.5days to complete an orbit. The second planet orbits at a distance of 4.7 AU. How long does it take the the second planet to complete one orbit? answer in days.
A planet's speed in orbit is given by V = (30 km/s)[(2/r)-(1/a)]0.5 where V is the planet's velocity, r is the distance in AU's from the Sun at that instant, and a is the semimajor axis of its orbit.
Calculate the Earth's velocity in its orbit (assume it is circular):
What is the velocity of Mars at a distance of 1.41 AU from the Sun?
What is the spacecraft's velocity when it is 1 AU from the Sun (after launch from the Earth)?
What additional velocity does the launch burn have to give to the spacecraft? (i.e. What is the difference between the Earth's velocity and the velocity the spacecraft needs to have?)
How fast will the spacecraft be traveling when it reaches Mars?
Does the spacecraft need to gain or lose velocity to go into the same orbit as Mars?
Chapter 1 Solutions
The Solar System
Ch. 1 - Prob. 1RQCh. 1 - What is the largest dimension of which you have...Ch. 1 - What is the difference between the Solar System,...Ch. 1 - What is the difference between the Moon and a...Ch. 1 - Prob. 5RQCh. 1 - Why are light-years more convenient than miles,...Ch. 1 - Why is it difficult to detect planets orbiting...Ch. 1 - Prob. 8RQCh. 1 - What is the difference between the Milky Way and...Ch. 1 - What are the Milky Way Galaxys spiral arms?
Ch. 1 - Prob. 11RQCh. 1 - Where are you in the Universe? If you had to give...Ch. 1 - Prob. 13RQCh. 1 - Prob. 14RQCh. 1 - Prob. 15RQCh. 1 - How do we know? How does the scientific method...Ch. 1 - The equatorial diameter of Earth is 7928 miles. If...Ch. 1 - Prob. 2PCh. 1 - One astronomical unit (AU) is about 1.5 108 km....Ch. 1 - A typical galaxy is shown on the first page of the...Ch. 1 - Prob. 5PCh. 1 - Venus orbits 0.72 AU from the Sun. What is that...Ch. 1 - Light from the Sun takes 8 minutes to reach Earth....Ch. 1 - The Sun is almost 400 times farther from Earth...Ch. 1 - If the speed of light is 3.0 × 105 km/s, how many...Ch. 1 - Prob. 10PCh. 1 - Prob. 11PCh. 1 - Prob. 12PCh. 1 - How many galaxies like our own would it take if...Ch. 1 - Arrange the following in order of increasing size:...Ch. 1 - Arrange the following in order of increasing...Ch. 1 - Prob. 3SPCh. 1 - Prob. 4SPCh. 1 - Look at the center of Figure 1–4. Approximately...Ch. 1 - Look at Figure 1-6. How can you tell that Mercury...Ch. 1 - Prob. 3LLCh. 1 - Look at Figure 1-9. Would you say that the...Ch. 1 - Prob. 5LLCh. 1 - Prob. 6LL
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- how many seconds are in a mars year that has approx 678 earth days ?arrow_forward1 AU = 1.496 x10^11 marrow_forwardSuppose, hypothetically, that the Earth orbited the Sun at half its current distance. (That is, at 1/2 AU instead of 1 AU). What would be the length of the year? What else would be different?arrow_forward
- The radius of the Earth's orbit is 1.50 1011 m and that of Mars is 2.28 1011 m. The star that this planet orbits is identical to our Sun. What is the orbital period of this planet?In years?arrow_forwardWhat would be the period of revolution of a hypothetical planet whose circular orbit around the sun has a radius of 1.75 AU? (Hint: 1 AU = 1 Astronomical Unit = 1.5*1011) a) 2.3 yrs b) 1.45 yrs c) 2.9 yrsarrow_forwardthanks. Moon is at the distance 384400 km from Earth and orbits the Earth every ∼28 days. If the radius of the Moon is 1737 km (consider it to be spherical), what is the area of the moon as measured by the observer on Earth? (Hint: Length contraction)arrow_forward
- The planet Earth has a semi-major axis of a = 1.00 AU and an orbital period of P= 1 sidereal year = 365.25 days = 3.156 x 10^7 s. Compute the orbital periods of bodies orbiting the Sun with each of the following semi-major axes. a) a = 0.1 AU b) a = 10 AU c) a = 100 AU d) a = 1000 AU e) a = 10,000 AU 1 AU = 1.496 x 10^8 km = 1.496 x 10^11 m = 1.496 x 10^13 cm. GM(sun) = 1.327 x 10^20 m^3/s^2 = (Newton's Constant) x (Mass of Sun) %3D %3Darrow_forward2. A planet orbits a star at 2.534 AU once every 41.39 years. What is the planet's velocity? (1 AU 1.496E11 m, 1 year = 365.25 days)arrow_forwardMathematically, prove the accuracy of Kepler’s 3rd law by computing and recording the values in the data table below.arrow_forward
- please quickly thanks !!!!arrow_forwardFrom a distance of 300 km above the surface of the Moon, what is the angular diameter in arc seconds of an astronaut in a space suit who has a linear diameter of 0.80 m as seen from above?arrow_forwardDetermine what the period of revolution of the Earth would be if its distance from the Sun were 3.5 AU rather than 1 AU. Assume that the mass of the Sun remains the same.arrow_forward
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