Genetics: From Genes to Genomes
Genetics: From Genes to Genomes
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781259700903
Author: Leland Hartwell Dr., Michael L. Goldberg Professor Dr., Janice Fischer, Leroy Hood Dr.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 1, Problem 18P

Researchers have successfully used gene therapy to ameliorate some human genetic diseases by adding a normal gene copy to cells whose genomes originally had only nonfunctional mutant copies of that gene. For example, a form of blindness due to the lack of a single protein called RPE65 has been reversed by introduction of a normal RPE65 gene to cells of the retina of adults.

a. The success of this gene therapy approach provides us with clues about the role of the RPE65 protein in the retina. Do you think that RPE65 is needed for the proper development of the human eye?
b. Can you see a potential difficulty in applying this gene therapy approach for diseases like microcephaly?
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Researchers have successfully used gene therapy toameliorate some human genetic diseases by adding anormal gene copy to cells whose genomes originallyhad only nonfunctional mutant copies of that gene.For example, a form of blindness due to the lack of asingle protein called RPE65 has been reversed byintroduction of a normal RPE65 gene to cells of theretina of adults.a. The success of this gene therapy approach providesus with clues about the role of the RPE65 proteinin the retina. Do you think that RPE65 is neededfor the proper development of the human eye?b. Can you see a potential difficulty in applying this genetherapy approach for diseases like microcephaly?
Retinoblastoma is an extremely rare cancer of the retina in the eye. The disease mainly affects children up to the age of 5 years because it can only occur while the nerve precursor cells are still dividing. In its nonhereditary form, a tumor usually occurs in only one eye; in its hereditary form, multiple tumors develop in both eyes.To explore the basis for these differences, a cDNA clone of the Rb gene was used to probe the structure of the gene in cells from normal individuals and from individuals with nonhereditary or hereditary retinoblastoma. As shown in the figure Part A, normal individuals have four restriction fragments (A, B, C, and D) that hybridize to the Rb cDNA probe, indicating that each restriction fragment encodes at least one Rb exon. Samples from fibroblasts and tumor cells of affected persons show some differences in the patterns of hybridization, with some bands missing entirely and some bands present at half intensity. The order of the restriction fragments in the…
Mutations in the CFTR gene result in cystic fibrosis in humans, a conditions in which abnormal secretions are present in the lungs, pancreas, and sweat glands.  The gene was mapped to a 500-kb region on chromosome 7 containing 3 candidate genes. a)Using your knowledge of the disease symptoms, how would you distinguish between the candidate genes to decide which is most likely to encode the CFTR gene? b)How would you prove that your chosen candidate is the CFTR  gene?
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Mitochondrial mutations; Author: Useful Genetics;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GvgXe-3RJeU;License: CC-BY