Genetics: From Genes to Genomes
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781259700903
Author: Leland Hartwell Dr., Michael L. Goldberg Professor Dr., Janice Fischer, Leroy Hood Dr.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 1, Problem 11P
How can a scientist tell if a protein present in bacteria and a fruit fly protein have a common origin? How can a scientist determine whether a protein with a common origin in bacteria and a fruit fly function in a common pathway?
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Which of the following point mutations is likely to be the worst for an organism if they happened in the second codon of a gene coding for an essential protein?
A) missense
B) silent
C) nonsense
Identify the single most correct answer:
a) The promoter specifies how efficient a mRNA binds to the ribosomes.
Ob) An amino acid is represented by one and only one codon.
Oc) Ribozymes are RNA molecules with enzymatic activities.
d) Each tRNA contains a unique codon.
What is a gene?
A)A molecule of DNA, which is transformed into a protein to be used by the cell
B)A molecule of RNA that is made into a functional protein to do work in a cell
C)A part of the cell that is assembled into an amino acid sequence, then folded into a proteinD)A region of DNA containing information for building a protein or RNA product
Chapter 1 Solutions
Genetics: From Genes to Genomes
Ch. 1 - Choose the phrase from the right column that best...Ch. 1 - If one strand of a DNA molecule has the base...Ch. 1 - The size of one copy of the human genome is...Ch. 1 - Indicate whether each of the following words or...Ch. 1 - a. How many different DNA strands composed of 100...Ch. 1 - RNA shares with proteins the ability to fold into...Ch. 1 - The human protein lactate dehydrogenase shown in...Ch. 1 - a. Are the triplets in the genetic code table...Ch. 1 - Why do scientists think that all forms of life on...Ch. 1 - Why would a geneticist study a yeast cell or a...
Ch. 1 - How can a scientist tell if a protein present in...Ch. 1 - Figure 1.6 shows the amino acid sequences of parts...Ch. 1 - Why do scientists think that new genes arise by...Ch. 1 - Explain how the exon/intron structure of genes...Ch. 1 - Mutations in genes that change their pattern of...Ch. 1 - A single zebrafish gene function was inactivated...Ch. 1 - Different mutations in the WDR62 gene that...Ch. 1 - Researchers have successfully used gene therapy to...Ch. 1 - By the time this book is published, it will likely...
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- Ribon enzymes are: a) catalysts for RNA splicing b)ribosomes which catalyze reactions c) the most common form of enzymes in cells d) unique to eukaryotes e) unique to prokaryotesarrow_forwardIn Eukaryotes the following are areas of the gene that contain amino acid sequences information A) Exon’s B) Introns C) Activators D) Promotersarrow_forwardWhich of the following histones shows more sequence similarity among eukaryotic species? a) H2A b) H3 c) H1 d) H2Barrow_forward
- Which of the following best describes a stop codon? A) They are codons that indicate termination of protein synthesis. B) They are codons that are extra in the genetic code and are not used. C) They are codons that indicate when to create new peptide bonds. D) They are codons that signal when the RNA strand is done being read. E) They are codons that indicate when to begin folding the polypeptide.arrow_forward3)Which of the following statements are true? Choose all that apply a)There are multiple codons possible for nearly all amino acids b)Each stop codon also codes for an amino acid c)Each tRNA will base pair with only one codon d)The start codon also codes for an amino acid e)Each codon in mRNA codes for exactly one amino acid f)Each codon in tRNA codes for exactly one amino acid g)Each anticodon in tRNA pairs with exactly one codon h)Each tRNA carries exactly one type of amino acidarrow_forwardMatch the function in translation to each type of RNA (one RNA has two listed functions). 1) Carry an amino acid that is encoded by a codon. 2) Serve as the link between DNA and proteins. 3) Create the backbone of the ribosome 4) Has triplet-nucleotide codons that encode the primary structure of proteins. Here are the choices for the questions: a) tRNA b) rRNA c) mRNAarrow_forward
- Which of the following histones shows more sequence similarity among eukaryotic species?a) H1b) H2Ac) H2Bd) H3arrow_forwardWhich of the following is true for the tRNA of eukaryote cells? tRNA is a) made of DNA and protein, b) the active site in carbohydrate synthesis, c) is a subunit that forms mRNA from the codon of DNA. d) found inside the endoplasmic reticulum, e) has the specific sequence of bases (anti codon) that interacts with the base sequence (codon) of mRNA.arrow_forwardWhich of the following best describes mRNA?Group of answer choices a) Complexes with ribosomal proteins to form ribosomes b) Transports amino acids to ribosomes during translation c) Provides the instructions for the amino acid sequence of a polypeptide d) Used for eukaryotic RNA processingarrow_forward
- Which term among A-D is not correctly matched with its definition? A) O Slime layer: loose assemblage of polysaccharide material external to the cell envelope B) O Polysome or polyribosome formation: multiple ribosomes binding to a messenger RNA transcript C) O Replisome: two of these complexes working in opposite directions are needed to copy the bacterial chromosome D) O Nucleoid: cytoplasmic area containing the bacterial chromosome E) OA-D are all correctly matchedarrow_forwardThe complete set of RNA transcripts present in a cell under various conditions is called the: a) genome b) proteome c) transcriptome d) none of the abovearrow_forwardWhich of the following is NOT true regarding the genetic code and translation? a) An mRNA is typically translated in only 1 reading frame. b) There are 64 different codons. c) Multiple amino acids may be coded for by a single codon. d) mRNA sequence is the reverse complement of the template strand of DNA.arrow_forward
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