You have E. coli growing in HIGH lactose and HIGH glucose. You measure the amounts of protein and find that all three lac operon proteins are present. What rare mutation will give you this result? There are several possibilities (Hint: the biosynthesis of repressor and CAP proteins is constitutive. What kind of mutation would make the activity constitutive?)

You have E. coli growing in HIGH lactose and HIGH glucose. You measure the amounts of protein and find that all three lac operon proteins are present. What rare mutation will give you this result? There are several possibilities (Hint: the biosynthesis of repressor and CAP proteins is constitutive. What kind of mutation would make the activity constitutive?)

Name: ### E. coli Lactose and Glucose Metabolism StudyYou have *E. coli* gr
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Description: ### E. coli Lactose and Glucose Metabolism StudyYou have *E. coli* growing in HIGH lactose and HIGH glucose. You measure the amounts of protein and find that **all three lac operon proteins are present**. What rare mutation will give you this result

Biology (MindTap Course List)

11th Edition

ISBN:9781337392938

Author:Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg

Publisher:Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg

Chapter14: Gene Regulation

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 13TYU: INTERPRET DATA Develop a simple hypothesis that would explain the behavior of each of the following...

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Read aloud V Draw Highlight 2. You are studying the regulation of the lactose operon in Escherichia coli, by measuring expression of the lacZ gene (i.e production of beta-galactosidase). (a) You identify several loss-of-function mutations in which lacZ is never expressed, in the presence and absence of glucose and lactose. What components of the lac operon could be mutated to produce this phenotype? List all possibilities. (b) You identify another loss-of-function mutation with the following expression pattern: Media + glucose - lactose + glucose +lactose - glucose - lactose - glucose + lactose lacZ expression Low Low High High What components of the lac operon could be mutated to produce this phenotype? List all possibilities.
. All mutations that abolish function of the Rho termination protein in E. coli are conditional mutations;no cells with null mutations of the Rho-encoding genehave ever been isolated. What does this tell you aboutthe rho gene and its product?
For the next two questions, consider the fec operon of Staphylococcus madeupiddis, which encodes an iron citrate uptake system. The fec operon promoter, called "Pfec", is normally off when no regulators are bound to it (like the lac operon promoter). The activator FecA senses iron citrate and brings the appropriate enzyme to Pfec to start fec transcription when iron citrate levels are high. The repressor FecB senses free iron atoms and prevents fec transcription when free iron levels are high by binding to an operator between the promoter and structural genes. MacBook Air DII F9 888 000 F8 80 F7 F6 F5 F4 F3 & 2$ 6. 7 8. 4
In the: Mutation of the regulatory region for a repressor protein in the lac operon. Explain: (a) What is the process affected? (b) What is the Effect on the process? (c) Does it affect prokaryotes, eukaryotes or both?
. Recall that the trp operon has a special leader sequence (trpL) between the operator and the structural genes that offers attenuation as a mechanism for regulation of gene expression. (A) Draw a diagram of a trpL region of the operon when tryptophan is abundant in the cell.Label the following features: the DNA, 5’ and 3’ polarity of the RNA, the regions 1, 2, 3,and 4 and poly-U of the RNA, the pair of Trp codons (UGG), the ribosome, and RNA-Pol,along with any stem-loop structure that would form under these conditions (B) In the above example, will the rest of the trp operon genes be expressed? Briefly describe your reasoning why or why not (C) The trp codons in region 1 of the trpL gene have mutated to cysteines (UGG to UGC). What will be the effect on attenuation gene regulation of the trp operon? Brieflyexplain your reasoning.
Answer this 3 part question: (MC) What is the function of lactose in regulation of the lac operon? 1. activates a repressor protein 2. activates an activator protein 3. inactivates a repressor protein 4. inactivates an activator protein Consider a bacterial strain with a lac operon Р. О Y A a) Mention which parts of the DNA region shown in the diagram encode for • Enzyme proteins? • Operator • Promoter • Repressor gene b) Where would the lac repressor be bound in a E. coli cell that is growing in ( • high lactose? No lactose
In addition to observing similarities to the lac operon, you also notice that this gene is regulated via attenuation, similar to the trp operon. Based on this similarity to this model operon, you could state that ___________. Group of answer choices If a terminator loop forms in the DNA, the expression of the structural genes is halted. The formation of the terminator hairpin followed by a series of Uracil (UUUUUUU) functions similar to Rho-Independent termination to result in the stopping of transcription. The transcription of a leader sequence affects the translation of the structural genes. Never mind – all of these statements are true! Attenuation will be the primary means of transcriptional regulation, with a repressor used as a back up option.
Operons are clusters of genes that are regulated as a group. They can be characterized as either repressible or inducible. What is the main difference between the two? * O An inducible operon is usually off while a repressible operon is usually on. Binding to a repressor molecule turns repressible operons off and inducible operons on. Repressible operons turn off when the repressor is active while inducible operons turn on when the repressor is active. Inducible operons require a co-repressor to turn the operon off.
Answer as Directed. Below is the model of a lac operon. lac I lac Z с promoter operator +1 lac Y lac A DNA 1. In the absence of lactose and the presence of glucose in the bacterial growth media, what proteins are bound to the lac control region? Is the operon being transcribed then? 2. In the presence of lactose and the presence of glucose in the bacterial growth media, what proteins are bound to the lac regulatory region? Is the operon being transcribed then? 3. In the presence of lactose and the absence of glucose in the bacterial growth media, what proteins are bound to the lac control region? 4. Why is it adaptive for a bacterium to not express the genes that encode for that lactose utilization proteins when lactose is not available or when glucose is present? 5. Why is it adaptive for the structural genes for using lactose to be under the control of a single promoter, i.e., synthesize a polycistronic message rather than three monocistronic message?
Explain and give examples of Inducible & Repressible Operons. Describe what types of protein products or pathways each controls, and explain why this is appropriate. ** Illustrate and EXPLAIN both Positive and Negative Control!! **
INTERPRET DATA Develop a simple hypothesis that would explain the behavior of each of the following types of mutants in E. coli. Mutant a: The map position of this mutation is in the trp operon. The mutant cells are constitutive; that is, they produce all the enzymes coded for by the trp operon, even if large amounts of tryptophan are present in the growth medium. Mutant b: The map position of this mutation is in the trp operon. The mutant cells do not produce any enzymes coded for by the trp operon under any conditions. Mutant c: The map position of this mutation is some distance from the trp operon. The mutant cells are constitutive; that is, they produce all the enzymes coded for by the trp operon, even if the growth medium contains large amounts of tryptophan.
PREDICT Compare the types of bacterial genes associated with inducible operons, those associated with repressible operons, and those that are constitutive. Predict the category into which each of the following would most likely fit: (a) a gene that codes for RNA polymerase, (b) a gene that codes for an enzyme required to break down maltose, and (c) a gene that codes for an enzyme used in the synthesis of adenine.