You are conducting independent research for your Honors Thesis in a Drosophila research lab. One of the graduate student researchers has provided you with two mutant strains of Drosophila. One has scarlet eyes, and the other has brown eyes. You cross homozygous scarlet-eyed male Drosophila with female flies homozygous for the brown-eye color allele, and all of the male and female F1 flies have wild-type eyes. Crosses involving F1 males x F1 females yield the results shown below. You know the traits involved are autosomal, and that reciprocal parental crosses produce similar results. a) What is the phenotypic ration observed among the offspring in the F2 generation?b) How many pairs of genes are involved in determining these traits? Please explain.c) Please EXPLAIN the genetic basis for the pattern of inheritance illustrated in this cross. Be sure to mention the alleles involved. ### Cross #1:**Parental Generation (P):**- Homozygous scarlet-eyed males (x)- Homozygous brown-eyed females**First Filial Generation (F₁):**- Result: 1072 Wild-type (red-eyed) males and females**Second Filial Generation (F₂):**- Cross: F₁ males x F₁ females- Resulting Offspring Distribution: - 2684 wild-type males and females - 891 scarlet-eyed males and females - 887 brown-eyed males and females - 298 white-eyed males and females#### Explanation:This dataset outlines the results of a genetic cross experiment involving Drosophila melanogaster (fruit flies), focusing on eye color inheritance:1. **Parental generation (P):** - Homozygous scarlet-eyed males are crossed with homozygous brown-eyed females.2. **First Filial Generation (F₁):** - The cross results in 1072 wild-type (red-eyed) males and females.3. **Second Filial Generation (F₂):** - When F₁ males and females are crossed, the following eye color distribution is observed among their offspring: - 2684 wild-type (red-eyed) males and females - 891 scarlet-eyed males and females - 887 brown-eyed males and females - 298 white-eyed males and femalesThe results indicate the segregation and assortment of genetic factors influencing eye color in fruit flies, demonstrating Mendelian inheritance patterns. The variety of eye colors in the F₂ generation suggests the involvement of multiple alleles and potentially the influence of genetic linkage or epistasis.

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Description: You are conducting independent research for your Honors Thesis in a Drosophila research lab. One of the graduate student researchers has provided you with two mutant strains of Drosophila. One has scarlet eyes, and the other has brown eyes. You cr

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You are conducting independent research for your Honors Thesis in a Drosophila research lab. One of the graduate student researchers has provided you with two mutant strains of Drosophila. One has scarlet eyes, and the other has brown eyes. You cross homozygous scarlet-eyed male Drosophila with female flies homozygous for the brown-eye color allele, and all of the male and female F₁ flies have wild-type eyes. Crosses involving F₁ males x F₁ females yield the results shown below. You know the traits involved are autosomal, and that reciprocal parental crosses produce similar results.

a) What is the phenotypic ration observed among the offspring in the F₂ generation?

b) How many pairs of genes are involved in determining these traits? Please explain.

c) Please EXPLAIN the genetic basis for the pattern of inheritance illustrated in this cross. Be sure to mention the alleles involved.

### Cross #1:

**Parental Generation (P):**
- Homozygous scarlet-eyed males (x)
- Homozygous brown-eyed females

**First Filial Generation (F₁):**
- Result: 1072 Wild-type (red-eyed) males and females

**Second Filial Generation (F₂):**
- Cross: F₁ males x F₁ females
- Resulting Offspring Distribution:
- 2684 wild-type males and females
- 891 scarlet-eyed males and females
- 887 brown-eyed males and females
- 298 white-eyed males and females

#### Explanation:
This dataset outlines the results of a genetic cross experiment involving Drosophila melanogaster (fruit flies), focusing on eye color inheritance:

1. **Parental generation (P):**
- Homozygous scarlet-eyed males are crossed with homozygous brown-eyed females.

2. **First Filial Generation (F₁):**
- The cross results in 1072 wild-type (red-eyed) males and females.

3. **Second Filial Generation (F₂):**
- When F₁ males and females are crossed, the following eye color distribution is observed among their offspring:
- 2684 wild-type (red-eyed) males and females
- 891 scarlet-eyed males and females
- 887 brown-eyed males and females
- 298 white-eyed males and females

The results indicate the segregation and assortment of genetic factors influencing eye color in fruit flies, demonstrating Mendelian inheritance patterns. The variety of eye colors in the F₂ generation suggests the involvement of multiple alleles and potentially the influence of genetic linkage or epistasis.

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