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Using figure (a) above as guide, list the five components in the CRISPR-Cas9 bacterial defense system used against bacteriophage infection. In 25 words or less describe the role of each component of the system. (1) (2) (3) (4) (5)

Using figure (a) above as guide, list the five components in the CRISPR-Cas9 bacterial defense system used against bacteriophage infection. In 25 words or less describe the role of each component of the system. (1) (2) (3) (4) (5)

Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is A. (a) organ, organ system,...
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Using figure (a) above as guide, list the five components in the CRISPR-Cas9 bacterial defense system used against bacteriophage infection. In 25 words or less describe the role of each component of the system. (1) (2) (3) (4) (5)
The diagram illustrates the structure and function of the CRISPR-Cas9 complex, a tool used for precise genetic editing. ### Detailed Description 1. **Cas9 Protein**: This is a large protein with two main lobes: - **Recognition Lobe**: Engages with the CRISPR RNA (crRNA) and the target DNA. - **Nuclease Lobe**: Contains the active site for DNA cutting. 2. **crRNA and tracrRNA**: - **CRISPR RNA (crRNA) Sequence**: A segment of RNA guiding the Cas9 to a specific DNA sequence. It pairs with the complementary target DNA. - **tracrRNA Sequence**: A separate RNA sequence that assists crRNA in forming a complex with Cas9. 3. **DNA Strands**: - **Target DNA Strand**: The specific DNA strand that the crRNA is designed to recognize and bind to. - **Nontarget DNA Strand**: The DNA strand complementary to the target strand but not directly interacting with the crRNA. 4. **Base-Paired Region**: - A 20-nucleotide region forms the base pairing between the crRNA and the target DNA, indicating the precise location where editing occurs. 5. **PAM (Protospacer Adjacent Motif)**: - A short DNA sequence adjacent to the target sequence, necessary for Cas9 recognition and binding. It ensures that Cas9 does not cut at off-target sites. This illustration provides an overview of how CRISPR-Cas9 locates and interacts with specific DNA regions, enabling targeted gene modifications.
Transcribed Image Text:The diagram illustrates the structure and function of the CRISPR-Cas9 complex, a tool used for precise genetic editing. ### Detailed Description 1. **Cas9 Protein**: This is a large protein with two main lobes: - **Recognition Lobe**: Engages with the CRISPR RNA (crRNA) and the target DNA. - **Nuclease Lobe**: Contains the active site for DNA cutting. 2. **crRNA and tracrRNA**: - **CRISPR RNA (crRNA) Sequence**: A segment of RNA guiding the Cas9 to a specific DNA sequence. It pairs with the complementary target DNA. - **tracrRNA Sequence**: A separate RNA sequence that assists crRNA in forming a complex with Cas9. 3. **DNA Strands**: - **Target DNA Strand**: The specific DNA strand that the crRNA is designed to recognize and bind to. - **Nontarget DNA Strand**: The DNA strand complementary to the target strand but not directly interacting with the crRNA. 4. **Base-Paired Region**: - A 20-nucleotide region forms the base pairing between the crRNA and the target DNA, indicating the precise location where editing occurs. 5. **PAM (Protospacer Adjacent Motif)**: - A short DNA sequence adjacent to the target sequence, necessary for Cas9 recognition and binding. It ensures that Cas9 does not cut at off-target sites. This illustration provides an overview of how CRISPR-Cas9 locates and interacts with specific DNA regions, enabling targeted gene modifications.
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