The determination of the shear strength of spot welds is relatively difficult, whereas measuring the weld diameter of spot welds is relatively simple. As a result, it would be advantageous if shear strength could be predicted from a measurement of weld diameter. The data are as follows: Shear strength (psi) Weld diameter (0.0001 in) 370 400 780 800 1210 1250 1560 1600 1980 2000 2450 2500 3070 3100 3550 3600 3940 4000 3950 4000 a) Test the hypothesis that the slope of the regression line is equal to 1 at the 0.05 level of significance.
Correlation
Correlation defines a relationship between two independent variables. It tells the degree to which variables move in relation to each other. When two sets of data are related to each other, there is a correlation between them.
Linear Correlation
A correlation is used to determine the relationships between numerical and categorical variables. In other words, it is an indicator of how things are connected to one another. The correlation analysis is the study of how variables are related.
Regression Analysis
Regression analysis is a statistical method in which it estimates the relationship between a dependent variable and one or more independent variable. In simple terms dependent variable is called as outcome variable and independent variable is called as predictors. Regression analysis is one of the methods to find the trends in data. The independent variable used in Regression analysis is named Predictor variable. It offers data of an associated dependent variable regarding a particular outcome.
The determination of the shear strength of spot welds is relatively difficult, whereas measuring the weld diameter of spot welds is relatively simple. As a result, it would be advantageous if shear strength could be predicted from a measurement of weld diameter. The data are as follows:
| Shear strength (psi) | Weld diameter (0.0001 in) |
| 370 | 400 |
| 780 | 800 |
| 1210 | 1250 |
| 1560 | 1600 |
| 1980 | 2000 |
| 2450 | 2500 |
| 3070 | 3100 |
| 3550 | 3600 |
| 3940 | 4000 |
| 3950 | 4000 |
a) Test the hypothesis that the slope of the regression line is equal to 1 at the 0.05 level of significance.
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