A3ΑB3C3D3...Refer to the given diagram of different variations of GPCRs to answer the following questions: Select only one of these types of GPCR and describe the signal transduction that is involvedin that receptor.

G-proteins coupled receptors (GPCR) are important and largest class of transmembrane receptors…

Answered: Select only one of these types of GPCR…

Biochemistry

9th Edition

ISBN:9781319114671

Author:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Publisher:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Chapter1: Biochemistry: An Evolving Science

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1P

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Hormone H regulates these effects via its receptors which are found at both the cell surface (csRH) and within the cell (içRH). The signalling pathways that become activated in the presence of hormone H are depicted and described below. hormone H. H H extracellular fluid inactive GTP inactive RAS Lyn cell-surface receptor for H (csR») icR GDP RAS-GTP hexose metabolism cell survival H icR G, phase (resting) Raf HK GSK-3P MEK M G2 icR - hexose kinase ERK promoter HRE CDK1 Cyclin A nucleus cyclin A Fos A promoter Created in BioRender.com bio Signalling via the cell surface receptor Hormone H mediates its cell cycle stimulatory and pro-survival effects by binding to and activating the cell surface hormone H receptor (csRH). The activated CSRH activates Lyn, which activates RAS and ultimately the Raf/MEK/ERK kinase cascade. Active ERK: o phosphorylates and inactivates GSK-3B. Inhibition of GSK-3ß promotes cell survival. inhibits p27, preventing it from inhibiting cell cycle progression.…
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Complete the Venn diagram that compares stimulatory with inhibitory signal transductionpathways.Inhibitory signaltransduction pathwayStimulatory signaltransduction pathway
Binding EGF to the EGF receptor causes phosphorylation of tyrosines on the cytoplasmic tail of the receptor. Which of the following best describes the mechanism by which this phosphorylation activates downstream signaling complexes? Select one A. Causes degradation of receptor by proteasome pathway B. Causes EGF receptor to be internalized so it can interact directly with downstream signaling molecules C. Tyrosine phosphorylation alters 3D structure of downstream signaling proteins causing them to change from an inactive to active conformation D. Causes release of EGF from receptor E. Alters the localization of downstream signaling partners in the cytoplasm
xytocin stimulates contraction of smooth muscles in the breast and uterine wall. The key step in muscle contraction is release of calcium from internal cell stores. With which type of receptor does oxytocin interact to cause muscle contraction? A. Gαi-coupled receptor B. Tyrosine kinase coupled receptor C. Cytokine type 1 receptor D. Ser/Thr kinase receptor E. Gαq-coupled receptor
We saw that GPCRs have a basal level of constitutive activity. Not all receptors do. Why might having this constitutive activity be a benefit to the cells?
Which of the following will bind (directly or indirectly) to the phosphate groups on a tyrosine kinase receptor? Ras-GEF Ran-GEF Rab-GEF Sar-GEF O Raf-GEF
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From the Hill Plot below, the KD of the first binding event for the receptor-ligand system under study is: 10 8 6 4 2 0 -2 4 6 8 10 (0=1) 601 log -4- -6 -6 -4 -2 0 2
You decide to investigate cell signaling of a pair of newly identified GPCRs, GPCR-W and GPCR-Z. Each binds the same ligand, but activates different downstream heterotrimeric G-proteins that act on adenylyl cyclase. You discover that ligand binding has opposite effects on adenylyl cyclase activity for each receptor. GPCR-W causes an increase in adenylyl cyclase activity, while GPCR-Z causes a decrease in adenylyl cyclase activity. You obtain a cell line expressing GPCR-W, GPCR-Z, the relevant G-proteins, and adenylyl cyclase. There is baseline adenylyl cyclase activity producing a baseline amount of cAMP. You embark on a research project to characterize the following mutations in the components of the signaling pathway. 2. Will each of the following mutations increase or decrease the levels of cAMP inside the cell upon adding the ligand to the cell culture? A mutation in GPCR-W that prevents G-protein activation? A mutation in GPCR-Z that prevents G-protein activation? A mutation in…
Which of the following would inhibit the activity of TGF-Beta receptor? multiple answers A. Deletion of Extracellular domain B. Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor C. Mutation that prevents homodimerization of Type II Receptor D. Mutation of phosphorylation site on Type I receptor E. Inhibition Type II receptor binding to Type I receptor
What is the mechanism of LTP expression? Select one: a. Increase in the number of postsynaptic NMDA receptors b. Increase in the intracellular level of proteins involved in synaptic release c. Increase in the number of postsynaptic AMPA receptors d. Increase in the number of presynaptic AMPA receptors e. Decrease in the level of glutamate released into the synaptic cleft

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Select only one of these types of GPCR and describe the signal transduction that is involved in that receptor.