Describe what cyclin dependent kinase does in the activation of MPF and how this relates to signal transduction.

Q: Describe how the signal transduction pathway leads to activation of MAPKinase or Akt/PKB?

A: Answer: Introduction: Signal transduction is the mechanism by that a biochemical or physical signal…

Q: Epidermal growth factor (EGF) signals through a receptor, tyrosine kinase. EGF signaling promotes…

A: An epidermal growth factor is a protein-coding gene which is responsible for controlling the…

Q: What kind of genes are downstream of ER signalling and what is their function?

A: A gene is an essential unit of heredity and an arrangement of nucleotides in DNA that encodes the…

Q: Why do multiple inputs ensure the cell functions properly

A: As the ace controllers of the cell division cycle, CDKs utilize a combination of diverse docking…

Q: How would signaling between two cells e affected by the following mutation: occludes (NA) (obtains…

A: Cell signaling: Cell signaling is a process of communication between two cells using chemical…

Q: Enumerate SRP binding molecules and indicate the function elicited by each binding AND Explain the…

A: Signal sequence  - slowing of protein synthesis ( elongation arrest ) :…

Q: Cyclin Serine ********** Lysine Aspartic "Acid Lysine -OFI Acid CDK 2 •NH3+ Lysine -O11 Serine NH3t…

A: Cyclin and cyclin dependent kinases help in regulation of cell cycle, transcription, communication…

Q: Why doesn't Cdk1 active immediately upon binding to cyclin B? What other components of the cell’s…

A: It includes cell division, replication and growth. All these processes should be carried out in a…

Q: Cell signaling in plant and animal cells is similar in those ways and different in others. Offer one…

A: Also known as cell-to-cell signaling. Its function include managing the basic activities of the…

Q: Use the SGF-signaling pathway image as a reference, to answer the following questions. Use the data…

A: ANSWER;-

Q: Please explain in detail why is BCL-2 a suppressor of apoptosis

A: Bcl-2: a. It is the first apoptotic gene to be cloned and isolated from human follicular lymphomas.…

Q: Non-canonical Hedgehog signaling results in actin cytoskeleton rearrangements, leading to cell…

A: Hedgehog is a protein present on the cell membrane which helps in the changing the cell movement and…

Q: RAS is a signal transducer that acts as a switch for turning on cell division. Drag the descriptions…

A: Cells communicate with each other through specific chemical signaling pathways that are known as…

Q: Provide an overview of the cell signaling process.

A: Cell signalling forms a part of a communication process that co-ordinates multiple actions of the…

Q: Fill in the gaps: For M-Cdk to be activated, inhibitory and activating _ phosphorylate the mitotic…

A: For this question the correct answer would be  Last option which says  Kinases, phosphatases.

Q: Define Integrin adhesion receptor– mediated signaling pathways control diverse cell functions.

A: Integrins are receptor on the transmembrane. They are Adhesion receptor that facilitate cell to cell…

Q: Explain how adenyl cyclase enzymes function in signal transduction pathways.

A: We’ll answer the first question since the exact one wasn’t specified. Please submit a new question…

Q: Explain the use of cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases(CDKs) ?

A: Cyclins are cellular elements that drive or regulate the events of the cell cycle by combining with…

Q: Draw a linear signal transduction pathway with activating and inhibitory arrows for this GPCR…

A: G protein Coupled receptors (GPCR) is a membrane receptors located in the plasma membrane. They are…

Q: Referring to the signalling diagrams, complete the table below. Consider how cell signalling will…

A: Biological processes taking place inside a cell are complex molecular interactions known as cell…

Q: What is the difference between a protein kinase and a secondmessenger? Can both operate in the same…

A: Signal transduction, also called cell signaling, is the process by which molecular signals are…

Q: Explain the importance of the termination of cell signaling, and ways this can be accomplished

A: Cell signaling is a complex process by which cells communicate with each other to coordinate their…

Q: Briefly explain how integral membrane proteins can participate in intracellular signaling.

A: The plasma membrane, also well known as the cell membrane is the membrane that separates the…

Q: Briefly describe how the cyclin D-cdk4/6 and cyclin E-cdk2 complexes regulate Retinoblastoma protein…

A: Retinoblastoma is the disease occurring in the retina of the eyes. This is basically eye cancer…

Q: What do you mean by S-phase cyclindependent kinases?

A: Cyclin-dependent kinases (Cdk) are a family of serine/threonine protein kinases. Cdks play a…

Q: Describe three ways in which a gradual increase inan extracellular signal can be sharpened by the…

A: Extra cellular signalling is considered an important aspect of a living organism. It plays a…

Q: Illustrate a complete cell signaling cascade from signal to response. Each protein in the pathways…

A: Answer: Introduction: Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) are main cell surface component of signaling…

Q: compare and contrast how GPCRs and RTKs transduce their signal to the cell? include the types of…

A: Receptors are the protein molecules present either on the surface of a cell or inside the cell,…

Q: Name and define (briefly) the four different types of receptors involved in Cell signaling. Give an…

A: Answer.  The four different types of receptors involved in Cell signaling are: 1. G-protein coupled…

Q: Help

A: Apoptosis and autophagy both plays an important role in case of cancer biology within the cell and…

Q: What role, if any, do the noncanonical Wnt signaling pathways have inplanarian regeneration?

A: Regeneration is an evolutionarily conserved process in animal kingdoms, however, the regenerative…

Q: Arrestin has a mutation that prevents it from binding the GPCR receptor in the PLC pathway. How…

A: Arrestins These are also referred as Arr. These are proteins that are involved in vital signal…

Q: As a cancer researcher, which segment of the signal transduction pathway would you target to prevent…

A: As a cancer researcher, targeting the signal transduction pathway can be an effective approach to…

Q: Describe HOW/WHY phosphorylation and de-phosphorylation act like an “on/off” switch for the relay…

A: Phosphorylation is the process of adding a phosphate group to a molecule, typically a protein, by a…

Q: What is the effect of having fluctuating cyclin levels throughout the cell cycle, while the levels…

A: Cell cycle  It is a series of events in which cell duplicate it's organelles and divide.

Q: Describe how receptors alter the activity of G proteincomplexes. List three ways in which activated…

A: The cellular response to a particular extracellular signal molecule depends on its binding to a…

Q: The output of RTK pathways is often the activation of MAP Kinase. Explain how MAPK can lead to…

A: There are many intercellular signaling pathways processing in the cells. RTK pathway is a…

Q: Explain molecular mechanism of Pi3K signalling and also role of PI kinases and PI phosphatase.

A: PI3K: It is an intracellular signal transduction pathway that promotes cell proliferation,…

Q: Select only one of these types of GPCR and describe the signal transduction that is involved in that…

A: G-proteins coupled receptors (GPCR) are important and largest class of transmembrane receptors…

Q: When glucose is low and CAMP is present, CAMP's role is to. Activate catabolite activator protein…

A: Ans-When glucose is low and CAMP is present, CAMP's role is to-Activate catabolite activator protein…

Q: In the light of the mechanisms of signal transduction pathways, describe how:  1. the immune system…

A: 1)Immunity is the resistance of the body to fight against foreign agents .the immunity present since…

Q: Describe how a signal is transmitted from the surface to the nucleus both generally (for any type of…

A: Signal transduction is a fundamental process in biology that allows cells to respond to their…

Q: We saw that GPCRs have a basal level of constitutive activity. Not all receptors do. Why might…

A: Introduction:  G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) are also known as seven-membrane domain…

Q: Using M cyclin-Cdk as a specific model describe the different ways it can be activated or…

A: The mitotic (M) phase comprises of mitosis and cytokinesis. Mitosis is the process of cell division…

Q: The responses of the cell signalling can be in the nucleus or in the cytoplasm. Describe the…

A: Cell signalling is the process by which different cells communicate with each other in order to…