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Gene Interactions
When the expression of a single trait is influenced by two or more different non-allelic genes, it is termed as genetic interaction. According to Mendel's law of inheritance, each gene functions in its own way and does not depend on the function of another gene, i.e., a single gene controls each of seven characteristics considered, but the complex contribution of many different genes determine many traits of an organism.
Gene Expression
Gene expression is a process by which the instructions present in deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) are converted into useful molecules such as proteins, and functional messenger ribonucleic (mRNA) molecules in the case of non-protein-coding genes.
Codons are three nucleotide sequences on an mRNA that code for specific amino acids during the process of translation for polypeptide synthesis. In humans, there exist 64 different codons, out of which 61 codons code for specific amino acids while, 3 codons function as stop codons (i.e., UAA, UAG, and UGA).
A stop codon is the trinucleotide sequence of mRNA that signals to stop the translation process occurring on the ribosome.
Messenger Ribonucleic Acid (mRNA) is the transcribed region of a gene present in DNA which is then translated to synthesize proteins.
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