Select a Fischer projection of D-galactose, which is an epimer of glucose with respect to the C4 position. CHO HO-C-H HO-C-H HO-C-H H-C-OH CH₂OH CHO H-C-OH H-C-OH HO-C-H H-C-OH CH₂OH CHO H-C-OH H-O-OH HO-C-H H-C-OH CH₂OH CHO I H-C-OH H-C-OH H-C-OH I HO-O-H CH₂OH

Ketone bodies are used as an alternative source of fuel during starvation. Describe how ketones are synthesized.

If the disaccharide maltose is formed from two glucose monosaccharides, which are hexose sugars, how many atoms of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen does maltose contain and why?

Energetic of Fructose-1 ,6-bis P Hydrolysis (Integrates with Chapter 3.) The standard free energy change (G) for hydrolysis of fructose-1. 6-bisphosphate (FBP) to fructose-S-phosphate (F-6-P) and P: is -16.7 KJ/mol: FBP + H2O fructose-6-P + Pi The standard free energy change (G) for ATP hydrolysis is -30.5 KJ/mol: ATP + H2O ADP + Pj What is the standard free energy change for the phosphofructokinase reaction: ATP + fructose-6-P ADP + FBP b. What is the equilibrium constant for this reaction? c. Assuming the intracellular concentrations of [ATP] and (ADP] are maintained constant at 4 mM and 1.6 mM, respectively, in a rat liver cell, what will be the ratio of [FBP]/[fructose-6-P] when the phosphofructokinase reaction reaches equilibrium?

In the following list, identify the carbohydrate, the fatty acid, the amino acid, and the polypeptide: a. methionine-valine-proline-leucine-serine b. C6H12O6 c. NH2CHRCOOH d. CH3(CH2)16COOH

What are Okazaki fragments and how they are formed?

C6H12O6 is the chemical formula for a ________. polymer of carbohydrate pentose monosaccharide hexose monosaccharide all of the above

Why is it beneficial for cells to use ATP rather than energy directly from the bonds of carbohydrates? What are the greatest drawbacks to harnessing energy directly from the bonds of several different compounds?

In the following list, identify the carbohydrate, the fatty acid, the amino acid, and the polypeptide: a. NH2CHRCOOH b. C6H12O6 c. (methionine)20 d. CH3(CH2)16COOH

Below is the structure of glycine. Draw a tripeptide composed exclusively of glycine. Label the N-terminus and C-terminus. Draw a box around the peptide bonds.