Questions 5. Define the term threshold as it applies to an action potential.
Questions 5. Define the term threshold as it applies to an action potential.
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is A. (a) organ, organ system,...
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![**Activity 2: The Action Potential**
1. In the settings, add (click +) leak channels, Na\(^+\) channels, K\(^+\) channels, and Na\(^+\)/K\(^+\) pumps on the neuron membrane.
2. In the concentration settings, make sure the default settings are: K\(^+\) inside concentration = 140 mM, Na\(^+\) outside concentration = 140 mM.
3. Click on “Create Simulation.”
4. Run the simulation (▶).
5. Record the membrane voltage value.
6. Click on the back to the settings button:
![Settings Button Icon]
7. In the settings, unclick the inactivation gate button.
8. Repeat steps 3-6.
9. In the settings, click the inactivation gate button AND the TTX neurotoxin button.
10. Repeat steps 3-6.
**Action Membrane Potential - Data**
| Concentration (mM) | Condition | Max. Membrane Voltage (mV) |
|--------------------|-----------------------------------|----------------------------|
| K\(^+\) inside: 140<br>K\(^+\) outside: 4<br>Na\(^+\) inside: 10<br>Na\(^+\) outside: 140 | - | -94.958 |
| K\(^+\) inside: 140<br>K\(^+\) outside: 4<br>Na\(^+\) inside: 10<br>Na\(^+\) outside: 140 | No inactivation gate | 36.054 |
| K\(^+\) inside: 140<br>K\(^+\) outside: 4<br>Na\(^+\) inside: 10<br>Na\(^+\) outside: 140 | TTX neurotoxin | -70.653 |
**Questions**
5. Define the term threshold as it applies to an action potential.
______________________________________________________________________
This activity focuses on simulating the action potential in a neuron under various experimental conditions, measuring membrane voltage changes, and understanding the impact of ion channels and neurotoxins.](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F277ae00b-d056-42ed-a729-386f4fca5973%2F34eb8240-9a04-45ed-9c53-31f66d1739cb%2Fqy3cjkq.jpeg&w=3840&q=75)
Transcribed Image Text:**Activity 2: The Action Potential**
1. In the settings, add (click +) leak channels, Na\(^+\) channels, K\(^+\) channels, and Na\(^+\)/K\(^+\) pumps on the neuron membrane.
2. In the concentration settings, make sure the default settings are: K\(^+\) inside concentration = 140 mM, Na\(^+\) outside concentration = 140 mM.
3. Click on “Create Simulation.”
4. Run the simulation (▶).
5. Record the membrane voltage value.
6. Click on the back to the settings button:
![Settings Button Icon]
7. In the settings, unclick the inactivation gate button.
8. Repeat steps 3-6.
9. In the settings, click the inactivation gate button AND the TTX neurotoxin button.
10. Repeat steps 3-6.
**Action Membrane Potential - Data**
| Concentration (mM) | Condition | Max. Membrane Voltage (mV) |
|--------------------|-----------------------------------|----------------------------|
| K\(^+\) inside: 140<br>K\(^+\) outside: 4<br>Na\(^+\) inside: 10<br>Na\(^+\) outside: 140 | - | -94.958 |
| K\(^+\) inside: 140<br>K\(^+\) outside: 4<br>Na\(^+\) inside: 10<br>Na\(^+\) outside: 140 | No inactivation gate | 36.054 |
| K\(^+\) inside: 140<br>K\(^+\) outside: 4<br>Na\(^+\) inside: 10<br>Na\(^+\) outside: 140 | TTX neurotoxin | -70.653 |
**Questions**
5. Define the term threshold as it applies to an action potential.
______________________________________________________________________
This activity focuses on simulating the action potential in a neuron under various experimental conditions, measuring membrane voltage changes, and understanding the impact of ion channels and neurotoxins.
Transcribed Image Text:### Transcription for Educational Purposes
6. What change in membrane potential (depolarization or hyperpolarization) triggers an action potential?
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7. What happens to the action potential pattern when the Na+ inactivation gate is removed?
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8. Explain your finding
---
9. What does TTX do to voltage-gated Na+ channels?
---
10. What was the effect of TTX on the action potential?
---
**Activity 3: The Inhibitory Post Synaptic Potential**
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