During normal vision in people having no defects, the normal vision takes place as follows-
The entry of light takes place inside the eyes through cornea. This layer acts as a protective covering for the front area of the eye and it's function is focussing of light on the retina present at the back of the eye. Then the light when passed through the cornea, travels through the pupil.
The iris is the part surrounding the pupil. The amount of light entering the eye is controlled by it.The lens is situated behind the iris. It's capable of changing it's shape and focussing light onto the retina. With the action of muscles known as ciliary muscles, the thickening of the lens take place so that the nearby objects can be focussed and also the thinning of the lens take place for focussing distant objects.Then the light is focussed on the retina present at the back of the eye. The visual information is sent to the optic nerve and then to the brain.