Question: A psychologist was interested in the effects of sleep deprivation on performance on a vigilance task. Forty college students served as participants and were placed in either the sleep-deprivation group or the control group by coin flip. Both groups spent the night before the study in a sleep laboratory, but only the control group was allowed to sleep. By the next morning, the sleep-deprived group had been awake for the last 24 hours. At this time, both groups were provided a nutritious breakfast and, shortly thereafter, testing began in sound-attenuating cubicles, each equipped with a computer. The vigilance task consisted of monitoring the computer screen. Participants were instructed that red dots represented allied spacecraft and green dots represented enemy spacecraft. Throughout the 2-hour-long task, red dots moved across the screen in irregular patterns. Occasionally and unpredictably, a green dot would quickly move across the screen in a haphazard pattern. When a green dot appeared, the task of the participant was to move a stylus over the green dot and press a button, "destroying" the enemy spacecraft. The psychologist measured the percentage of these enemy targets that were detected and destroyed. The results of this fictitious experiment are shown in Figure 2.2. Figure 2.2   Part 1 Vigilance was measured as the percentage of enemy targets destroyed. As a measure of vigilance, this illustrates: Group of answer choices   A An operational definition   B: Reliability   C: Statistical significance   D: A construct     Part 2 Assuming the differences between groups were statistically significant, before concluding that sleep deprivation impairs vigilance, another dependent variable the researchers probably would want to analyze is: Group of answer choices   A: The number of times participants incorrectly destroyed an allied spacecraft.   B How well the task resembles real-world instances of sustained vigilance.   C The effects of longer or shorter periods of sleep deprivation on vigilance.   D The effect of breakfast on performance on the vigilance task.   Research methodology has an important role in Psychology. It allows scientific investigations of psychological concepts and phenomenons. It allows researchers to test their hypothesis by conducting experiments and studies which involve manipulation and measurement of variables.   PART1  The correct answer is  A. An operational definition An operational definition provides meaning to the construct and here the killing of enemy behavior is the task that provides meaning to the construct of vigilance.  B. Reliability is incorrect because it refers to the consistency of the measure. C. Statistical significance refers to the extent to which a research has genuine results deprived of chance factors.  D. A construct  is incorrect because vigilance is itself a construct.   PART 2  The correct answer is  C. The effects of longer or shorter periods of sleep deprivation on vigilance.   Why? Why is that the case? Why is it C? I don't get it. Please provide a thorough and complete explanation .

Ciccarelli: Psychology_5 (5th Edition)
5th Edition
ISBN:9780134477961
Author:Saundra K. Ciccarelli, J. Noland White
Publisher:Saundra K. Ciccarelli, J. Noland White
Chapter1: The Science Of Psychology
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1TY
icon
Related questions
Question

 

Question:

A psychologist was interested in the effects of sleep deprivation on performance on a vigilance task. Forty college students served as participants and were placed in either the sleep-deprivation group or the control group by coin flip. Both groups spent the night before the study in a sleep laboratory, but only the control group was allowed to sleep. By the next morning, the sleep-deprived group had been awake for the last 24 hours. At this time, both groups were provided a nutritious breakfast and, shortly thereafter, testing began in sound-attenuating cubicles, each equipped with a computer. The vigilance task consisted of monitoring the computer screen. Participants were instructed that red dots represented allied spacecraft and green dots represented enemy spacecraft. Throughout the 2-hour-long task, red dots moved across the screen in irregular patterns. Occasionally and unpredictably, a green dot would quickly move across the screen in a haphazard pattern. When a green dot appeared, the task of the participant was to move a stylus over the green dot and press a button, "destroying" the enemy spacecraft. The psychologist measured the percentage of these enemy targets that were detected and destroyed.

The results of this fictitious experiment are shown in Figure 2.2.

Figure 2.2

 

Part 1 Vigilance was measured as the percentage of enemy targets destroyed. As a measure of vigilance, this illustrates:

Group of answer choices

 

A An operational definition

 

B: Reliability

 

C: Statistical significance

 

D: A construct

 

 

Part 2 Assuming the differences between groups were statistically significant, before concluding that sleep deprivation impairs vigilance, another dependent variable the researchers probably would want to analyze is:

Group of answer choices

 

A: The number of times participants incorrectly destroyed an allied spacecraft.

 

B How well the task resembles real-world instances of sustained vigilance.

 

C The effects of longer or shorter periods of sleep deprivation on vigilance.

 

D The effect of breakfast on performance on the vigilance task.

 

Research methodology has an important role in Psychology. It allows scientific investigations of psychological concepts and phenomenons. It allows researchers to test their hypothesis by conducting experiments and studies which involve manipulation and measurement of variables.  


PART1 

The correct answer is 

A. An operational definition

An operational definition provides meaning to the construct and here the killing of enemy behavior is the task that provides meaning to the construct of vigilance. 

B. Reliability is incorrect because it refers to the consistency of the measure.

C. Statistical significance refers to the extent to which a research has genuine results deprived of chance factors. 

D. A construct  is incorrect because vigilance is itself a construct. 

 PART 2 

The correct answer is 

C. The effects of longer or shorter periods of sleep deprivation on vigilance.

 

Why? Why is that the case? Why is it C? I don't get it. Please provide a thorough and complete explanation .

% Enemy Targets
Destroyed
100-
-08
Control
Sleep-Deprived
Group
Transcribed Image Text:% Enemy Targets Destroyed 100- -08 Control Sleep-Deprived Group
Expert Solution
trending now

Trending now

This is a popular solution!

steps

Step by step

Solved in 2 steps

Blurred answer
Recommended textbooks for you
Ciccarelli: Psychology_5 (5th Edition)
Ciccarelli: Psychology_5 (5th Edition)
Psychology
ISBN:
9780134477961
Author:
Saundra K. Ciccarelli, J. Noland White
Publisher:
PEARSON
Cognitive Psychology
Cognitive Psychology
Psychology
ISBN:
9781337408271
Author:
Goldstein, E. Bruce.
Publisher:
Cengage Learning,
Introduction to Psychology: Gateways to Mind and …
Introduction to Psychology: Gateways to Mind and …
Psychology
ISBN:
9781337565691
Author:
Dennis Coon, John O. Mitterer, Tanya S. Martini
Publisher:
Cengage Learning
Psychology in Your Life (Second Edition)
Psychology in Your Life (Second Edition)
Psychology
ISBN:
9780393265156
Author:
Sarah Grison, Michael Gazzaniga
Publisher:
W. W. Norton & Company
Cognitive Psychology: Connecting Mind, Research a…
Cognitive Psychology: Connecting Mind, Research a…
Psychology
ISBN:
9781285763880
Author:
E. Bruce Goldstein
Publisher:
Cengage Learning
Theories of Personality (MindTap Course List)
Theories of Personality (MindTap Course List)
Psychology
ISBN:
9781305652958
Author:
Duane P. Schultz, Sydney Ellen Schultz
Publisher:
Cengage Learning