Q1. (a) Describe and illustrate each of the following immunoprecipitation techniques (i) Immunodiffusion (Ouchterlony Assay) (ii) Single Radial Immunodiffusion (SRID) (b) Outline the principle of any immunoelectrophoretic separation technique
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![Q1. (a) Describe and illustrate each of the following immunoprecipitation techniques:
(i) Immunodiffusion (Ouchterlony Assay)
(ii) Single Radial Immunodiffusion (SRID)
(b) Outline the principle of any immunoelectrophoretic separation technique](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F77c60c3d-f0cf-4933-ba95-ad1d050df9e3%2F79f3477e-5edd-47ab-96f5-b48b1706658e%2Fso999wo_processed.jpeg&w=3840&q=75)
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- Describe 2 methods of immunotherapy currently in use, and the clinical results of one of these (ie, how often does it work well?)2. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12868-022-00692-1 (link to research) a) In the immunohistochemistry section of the materials and methods section the authors wrote “The number of positive cells in hotspot areas in ten high power fields (HPFs) in areas of demyelination and plaques in the brain stem were counted using the image analysis software (Lecia Application Suite Version 4.12.0, Welzlar, Germany).” Why were they looking at demyelination areas for this study? b) In the effect of mitoxantrone on histopathological changes in the brain section of the results section the authors wrote “Active plaques revealed inflammatory cellular infiltrates with abundant macrophages stuffed with myelin debris, an evidence of ongoing myelin breakdown.” What does macrophages stuffed with myelin debris have to do with the study?Outline the principle behind the following techniques: 1. Immunofixation 2. Southern blotting 3. Ion exchange chromatograph 4. SDS-PAGE.
- EIAs are extremely sensitive diagnostic tools. Why,then, is the immunoblot (Western blot) procedure usedto confirm screening tests that are positive for humanimmunodeficiency virus (HIV)?Which of the following statement(s) about DNA vaccines is(are) NOT true? Check all that apply. A.) DNA vaccines are an example of "ex vivo" vaccination; cells are removed from the body, transfected with DNA expressing the antigen(s) of interest, and then the cells are returned to the body. B.) DNA vaccines can be used to immunize with multiple different antigens. C.) DNA vaccines only stimulate B cell responses. D.) DNA vaccines only stimulate T cell responses. DNA vaccines alone often result in poor immunogenicityhe "Vaccine Options" figure, under the "Antibody Preparation" heading, the term "antigen" is ed. Which option most closely matches the definition of the term "antigen"? A). A single, whole particle of the COVID-19 virus. B). A piece of the COVID-19 virus used by the body to recognize infection. C). An immune cell designed to remember the virus at a later point of infection. D). An immune cell designed to destroy virus infected cells.
- 1) SDS PAGE gels can be probed with NBT/BCIP to perform an immunoblot true/ false 2) the direction of migration of protiens through a matrix is due to most proteins in natur having a net negative charge true/false 3) PBST is a buffer that is used for blocking the membrane during immunoblotting. true/false 4) the buffer used during for transferring proteins to nitrocellulose methanol. true/false 7) The size of the pores of a polyacrylamide gel dcreases as concentrations of polyacrylamide increases. True or false 10) The secondary antibody used in laboratory for western blotting is conjugated to which enzyme A) Alkaline decarboxylase B) GAPDH C) Alkaline Phosphatase D) Horseeradish peroxide 13) In protien electrophroresis, what reagent present in the sample buffer is used to eliminate difference in the charge densities of protein A) SDS B) 2- mercaptoethanol C) Tris-HCL pH6.8 D) Tris- HCL PH 8.8In relation to immunotechnology, answer the following: A- Answer the following in relation to Hybridoma technology: → What is the cancer cell line name used in hybridoma technology? → Give an example of murine Monocolonal Antibody produced by hybridoma technology? B- Give ONE main difference between: Murine MABs and fully human MABs? and explain the reason behind developing different forms of Monoclonal antibodies (chimeric MABs, humanized MABs, and fully human MABs) C- You are in an internship in one major Hospital, You were in rotation with a clinical pharmacist in oncology section and you came over a breast cancer patient. The personal doctor was making a quick visit to the patient to make sure the patient is following the therapeutic protocol and the treatment is running smoothly. The doctor wrote in the prescription sheet “Trastuzumab” to be dispensed by the In Patient Pharmacy, when the clinical pharmacist saw this he advised the doctor politely to use the…For Western Blot detection of specific proteins, the secondary antibody directly binds to: A) The antigen-binding sites of the primary antibody B) The protein of interest on the membrane C) The Fc domain of the primary antibody