Protein and RNA molecules compose the two subunits of a ribosome (a) Prokaryotic (b) Eukaryotic 70S ribosome 80S ribosome 50S ribosomal 60S ribosomal 30S ribosomal subunit 40S ribosomal subunit subunit subunit 28S FRNA 235 FRNA 165 FANA 5.8S FRNA 18S FANA 5S FRNA 58 IRNA 31 proteins 21 proteins 49 proteins 33 proteins FIGURE 9-10 A ribosome contains a large and a small subunit. Each subunit contains both rRNA of varying lengths and a set of proteins. There are two principal FRNA molecules in all ribosomes. Prokaryotic ribosomes also contain one 120-base-long rANA that sediments at 5S, whereas eukaryotic ribosomes have two small rRNAs: a 5S RNA molecule similar to the prokaryotic 5S and a 5.8S molecule 160 bases long.
Structure and Composition of Cell Membrane
Despite differences in structure and function, all living cells in multicellular organisms are surrounded by a cell membrane. Just like the outer layer of the skin separates the body from its environment similarly, the cell membrane, also known as 'plasma membrane,' separates the inner content from its exterior environment.
Cell Membrane
The cell membrane is known by different names like plasma membrane or cytoplasmic membrane, or biological membrane. The term "cell membrane" was first introduced by C. Nageli and C. Cramer in the year 1855. Later on, in 1931, the term "plasmalemma" for cell membrane was given by J. Plowe. The cell membrane separates the cell's internal environment from the extracellular space. This separation allows the protection of cells from their environment.
Prokaryotes vs Eukaryotes
The cell is defined as the basic structural and functional unit of life. The cell membrane bounds it. It is capable of independent existence.
The components of prokaryotic and eukaryotic ribosomes are shown in Figure 9-10. Based on this figure, do
you think that the large prokaryotic ribosomal RNA(23S rRNA) would be able to substitute for the eukaryotic 28S rRNA? Justify your answer
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