possible evolution of the genes that “SEQUENCE_21” to “SEQUENCE_27” represent

Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is A. (a) organ, organ system,...
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Instructions: Here is some information about the sequences: All these sequences, “SEQUENCE_21” to “SEQUENCE_27” are in the same subfamily or “clade” of a large phylogenetic alignment of all Rab proteins in these three species (see “Figure 1.pdf”,which is the second image, for a full view of gene family in humans, plants and yeast, see the “D” branch towards the bottom of the tree in Figure 1). “SEQUENCE_28” is a different Rab protein (actually it is the Rab39 protein at the bottom of the tree). “SEQUENCE_21” is from yeast. “SEQUENCE_22” to “SEQUENCE_25” are from the plant, Arabidopsis. “SEQUENCE_26” and “SEQUENCE_27” are from humans. Question: Based on the information above, what can you speculate about the possible evolution of the genes that “SEQUENCE_21” to “SEQUENCE_27” represent?
Arabidopsis Mammal
S.c.
S. p.
RabF1
RabF1, ARA6, associated with putative endosomal compartments.
-RabF1
99
-Rab22a
Raba2b
Rab22
Rab22, associated with endosomes.
100 Rab2a
RabF2.b
Raba
RabF2b, associated with putative endosomal compartments.
99 CRabsc
Rabsb
Ypts1
70
RabF2
Rab5 Ypt51/52/53
Ypt5
Rab 5, transport from PM to early endosomes and early endosome fusion
53
Ypt53
Ypt51, transport from PM to early endosomes and between endosomal compartments
F
-Ypt52
"Rah21
Associated with apical PM in epithelial cells
Rab17, transcytosis in epithelial cells
Rab21
Ypt10
Rabno
Rab24
Ypt10
Rab17
RabG2
RabG1
-
Rab02
RabG1
52-
RabG3.b
-Rab03a
Rab03
ScYpt7, late-endosome to vacuole and vacuole fusion
Rab3d
LRab03.c
Rab G3
Rab7
Ypt7
Ypt7
61
Rab7, late endosome to lysosome
84
Rab?
Ypt7
Rabe
Rabs
Rab32
Rab9, late endosome to trans-Golgi network
Rab32
-Rab
Rabas
Rab33
Rab38
Rab29
Rab23
Rab2
Kab28
Raht
Rab23
"Rab20
Rab28
Rab34
FRab36
G
RabH14
RabH1.e
E
72
-RabH1.e
RabH1a
Ypt6, endosome to Golgi
Rab H1
Rab6
Ypt6
Ryh1
-RabH1.b
100 rRaba
Rablo
Rab6A, retrograde traffic within the Golgi and from TGN and Golgi to ER
99
Rab6A', retrograde traffic from early endosome to TGN
H
Ypt6
C
-RabA1.d
RabA1.e
RabA1.b
RabA1a
72
FRabA1
RabA19
RabATI
RabA1.h
FRabA1e
Rab A1
RabA2e
RabAd
-RabA2.b
RabA2.a
100 CRabtta
Rab11, transport from recycling endosomes to PM, and between endosomes and Golgi
Rab A2
Rab11
Ypt31/32
Ypt3
Rab116
Ypt31/32, transport from late Golgi and to endosomes and PM
100Ypt31
CYpt32
Rab25
Rab25
Rab25, transport through recycling endosomes
F
RabAd
?
RabA4.e
59
72
Rab A4
PsRabA4 (Pra3) localised to post-Gogi prevacuolar compartments; distinct from PsRabA3
RabAde
RabA4.a
RabA3
Rab A3
PsRabA3 (Pra2) localised to post-Gogi prevacuolar compartments; distinct from PsRabA4
68
100
RabA6.a
Rab A6
RabA6.b
RabAS.e
A
FRabAS.d
-RabAS.
RabAS
93
Rab A5
AfRabA5.c (ARA4) localised to Golgi and adjacent vesicles
RabASa
Rab33a
Rab33b
Golgi associated
Golgi associated
Rab33
Rab30
Rab19
100CRac
RabC2.b
Rab30
Rab19
92
Rab C2
77
-RabC1
"Rab18
Rab18 associated with endosomes, especially in epithelial cells (recycling to PM?)
Rab C1
Rab18
Rab01
Rab D1
72HRaboze
Rab02.b
97cRabta RabD2a
Rabib
Ypt1
Rab3s
SeYpt1, ER to Golgi transport and early intra-Golgi transport
Rab1, ER to intermediate-compartment/VTC and early intra-Golgi transport
RabD2a, ER to Golgi transport
87
Rab D2
Rab1
Ypt1
Ypt1
Rab35
98CRabE1.e
RabE1.b
100 RASP
Sec4, Golgi to PM (bud site)
Ypt2, Golgi to PM
RabE1a
188-RabE1.d
Rabl1e
E
Rab E1
Rabs
Sec4
Ypt2
Rab8, Golgi to basolateral PM in epithelial cells and regulated secretory granule exocytosis
Secd
-Rabba
Rabb
Rabte Rab13
Rab26
Rab37
Rab13
Rab10
Rab26
Rab37
Rab12
Associated with PM at tight junctions in epithelial cells
Golgi associated
Associated with secretory granules
Associated with secretory granules
Golgi associated
Rab12
Rab3a
Rabe
Rab3
Regulated secretion in neurones and neuroendocrine cells
LM Rab
Rabad
-Rab27a
Rab27b
Rab27
Melanosome transport in melanocytes
Antagonist of endocytosis at PM
Rab15
Rab15
"Rab40a
Rab40b
Rab40
RabB1.b
57 h
97
RabB1.e
RabB1.a
Rab2, maturation of VTC (recycling from VTC to ER?) and intra Golgi traffic
AIRabB1b and tobacco homologue Golgi localised; required for ER-Golgi traffic in pollen tubes
Rab B1
Rab2
66
"Rab2
Rabla
Rab4b
Rab4
BL77
Rab4, recycling from early endosome to PM
Rab14, phagosome associated
Rab14
Rab14
Rab39
Rab39
10 changes
Transcribed Image Text:Arabidopsis Mammal S.c. S. p. RabF1 RabF1, ARA6, associated with putative endosomal compartments. -RabF1 99 -Rab22a Raba2b Rab22 Rab22, associated with endosomes. 100 Rab2a RabF2.b Raba RabF2b, associated with putative endosomal compartments. 99 CRabsc Rabsb Ypts1 70 RabF2 Rab5 Ypt51/52/53 Ypt5 Rab 5, transport from PM to early endosomes and early endosome fusion 53 Ypt53 Ypt51, transport from PM to early endosomes and between endosomal compartments F -Ypt52 "Rah21 Associated with apical PM in epithelial cells Rab17, transcytosis in epithelial cells Rab21 Ypt10 Rabno Rab24 Ypt10 Rab17 RabG2 RabG1 - Rab02 RabG1 52- RabG3.b -Rab03a Rab03 ScYpt7, late-endosome to vacuole and vacuole fusion Rab3d LRab03.c Rab G3 Rab7 Ypt7 Ypt7 61 Rab7, late endosome to lysosome 84 Rab? Ypt7 Rabe Rabs Rab32 Rab9, late endosome to trans-Golgi network Rab32 -Rab Rabas Rab33 Rab38 Rab29 Rab23 Rab2 Kab28 Raht Rab23 "Rab20 Rab28 Rab34 FRab36 G RabH14 RabH1.e E 72 -RabH1.e RabH1a Ypt6, endosome to Golgi Rab H1 Rab6 Ypt6 Ryh1 -RabH1.b 100 rRaba Rablo Rab6A, retrograde traffic within the Golgi and from TGN and Golgi to ER 99 Rab6A', retrograde traffic from early endosome to TGN H Ypt6 C -RabA1.d RabA1.e RabA1.b RabA1a 72 FRabA1 RabA19 RabATI RabA1.h FRabA1e Rab A1 RabA2e RabAd -RabA2.b RabA2.a 100 CRabtta Rab11, transport from recycling endosomes to PM, and between endosomes and Golgi Rab A2 Rab11 Ypt31/32 Ypt3 Rab116 Ypt31/32, transport from late Golgi and to endosomes and PM 100Ypt31 CYpt32 Rab25 Rab25 Rab25, transport through recycling endosomes F RabAd ? RabA4.e 59 72 Rab A4 PsRabA4 (Pra3) localised to post-Gogi prevacuolar compartments; distinct from PsRabA3 RabAde RabA4.a RabA3 Rab A3 PsRabA3 (Pra2) localised to post-Gogi prevacuolar compartments; distinct from PsRabA4 68 100 RabA6.a Rab A6 RabA6.b RabAS.e A FRabAS.d -RabAS. RabAS 93 Rab A5 AfRabA5.c (ARA4) localised to Golgi and adjacent vesicles RabASa Rab33a Rab33b Golgi associated Golgi associated Rab33 Rab30 Rab19 100CRac RabC2.b Rab30 Rab19 92 Rab C2 77 -RabC1 "Rab18 Rab18 associated with endosomes, especially in epithelial cells (recycling to PM?) Rab C1 Rab18 Rab01 Rab D1 72HRaboze Rab02.b 97cRabta RabD2a Rabib Ypt1 Rab3s SeYpt1, ER to Golgi transport and early intra-Golgi transport Rab1, ER to intermediate-compartment/VTC and early intra-Golgi transport RabD2a, ER to Golgi transport 87 Rab D2 Rab1 Ypt1 Ypt1 Rab35 98CRabE1.e RabE1.b 100 RASP Sec4, Golgi to PM (bud site) Ypt2, Golgi to PM RabE1a 188-RabE1.d Rabl1e E Rab E1 Rabs Sec4 Ypt2 Rab8, Golgi to basolateral PM in epithelial cells and regulated secretory granule exocytosis Secd -Rabba Rabb Rabte Rab13 Rab26 Rab37 Rab13 Rab10 Rab26 Rab37 Rab12 Associated with PM at tight junctions in epithelial cells Golgi associated Associated with secretory granules Associated with secretory granules Golgi associated Rab12 Rab3a Rabe Rab3 Regulated secretion in neurones and neuroendocrine cells LM Rab Rabad -Rab27a Rab27b Rab27 Melanosome transport in melanocytes Antagonist of endocytosis at PM Rab15 Rab15 "Rab40a Rab40b Rab40 RabB1.b 57 h 97 RabB1.e RabB1.a Rab2, maturation of VTC (recycling from VTC to ER?) and intra Golgi traffic AIRabB1b and tobacco homologue Golgi localised; required for ER-Golgi traffic in pollen tubes Rab B1 Rab2 66 "Rab2 Rabla Rab4b Rab4 BL77 Rab4, recycling from early endosome to PM Rab14, phagosome associated Rab14 Rab14 Rab39 Rab39 10 changes
SEQUENCE 24
SEQUENCE 25
SEQUENCE 23
SEQUENCE 26
SEQUENCE 27
SEQUENCE 22
SEQUENCE 21
SEQUENCE 28
0.10
Transcribed Image Text:SEQUENCE 24 SEQUENCE 25 SEQUENCE 23 SEQUENCE 26 SEQUENCE 27 SEQUENCE 22 SEQUENCE 21 SEQUENCE 28 0.10
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