Polypeptides are polymers of amino acids. Suppose that a long polypeptide chain can undergo a transition from a helical conformation to a random coil. Consider a mechanism for a helix–coil transition that begins in the middle of the chain:hhhh…⇌ hchh… hchh… ⇌ cccc… in which h and c label, respectively, an amino acid in a helical or coil part of the chain. The first conversion from h to c, also called a nucleation step, is relatively slow, so neither step may be rate determining. (a) Set up the rate equations for this mechanism. (b) Apply the steady-state approximation and show that, under these circumstances, the mechanism is equivalent to hhhh… ⇌ cccc….
Catalysis and Enzymatic Reactions
Catalysis is the kind of chemical reaction in which the rate (speed) of a reaction is enhanced by the catalyst which is not consumed during the process of reaction and afterward it is removed when the catalyst is not used to make up the impurity in the product. The enzymatic reaction is the reaction that is catalyzed via enzymes.
Lock And Key Model
The lock-and-key model is used to describe the catalytic enzyme activity, based on the interaction between enzyme and substrate. This model considers the lock as an enzyme and the key as a substrate to explain this model. The concept of how a unique distinct key only can have the access to open a particular lock resembles how the specific substrate can only fit into the particular active site of the enzyme. This is significant in understanding the intermolecular interaction between proteins and plays a vital role in drug interaction.
Polypeptides are
hhhh…⇌ hchh… hchh… ⇌ cccc… in which h and c label, respectively, an amino acid in a helical or coil part of the chain. The first conversion from h to c, also called a nucleation step, is relatively slow, so neither step may be rate determining. (a) Set up the rate equations for this mechanism. (b) Apply the steady-state approximation and show that, under these circumstances, the mechanism is equivalent to hhhh… ⇌ cccc….
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