NH₂ Methyltransferases NH₂ OH OH S-Adenosylmethionine (SAM) Transamination B Phosphate transfer Protein Acetyl transfer Transmethylation CH3 DNÁ HO CH3 NH₂ What metabolic reaction is best represented by this chemical equation? SAH-Hydrolase (SAHase) NH₂ OH OH S-Adenosyl-L-Homocysteine (SAH) I OH OH Adenosine NH₂ SH NH₂ Homocysteine
Q: How can a noncompetitive inhibitor affect enzyme activity without binding to the active site? a. It…
A: The substance that decreases the activity of enzyme is called enzyme inhibitor. There are two types:…
Q: Which of the following statements concerning SDS in SDS-PAGE is INCORRECT? a. SDS is a negatively…
A: SDS-PAGE is an electrophoresis technique used to separate protein molecules. Protein molecules can…
Q: Question 23 of 25 Among the given statements, which ones describe the lysosomes? Select the correct…
A:
Q: Please help with 2a) 2a) There are two different DNA polymerase enzymes, DNA Polymerase I and DNA…
A: Replication is the process of duplication of two strands of a double stranded DNA. In bacteria, the…
Q: a) What is the Kd you measure for this interaction?
A: INTRODUCTION : Actin - Actin is a family of globular multi-functional proteins which form…
Q: For the tetrapeptide YIRG: a. Draw its complete protonic equilibria. Indicate the net charge of each…
A: Proteins are composed of amino acids, which are bound together by peptide linkage. Amino acids…
Q: Which one of the following statements about PEP (phosphoenolpyruvate) synthesis is correct? Pyruvate…
A: PEP, also known as 2-phosphoenolpyruvate, is a crucial biochemical intermediary. It participates in…
Q: Detergents disrupt hydrophobic interactions by coating hydrophobic molecules with molecules that…
A: Hemoglobin is an oligomeric protein with four polypeptides. The individual polypeptides are joined…
Q: A generalized enzyme active site is shaped like a hemisphere with a radius of 45Å. The active site…
A: Given that the active site is made up of HAVARILKHAVARILKHAVARILK amino acids at pH 7.38. The net…
Q: Describe how a protein’s structure determines its function. What determines a protein’s structure?
A: Proteins have four levels of conformations known as primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary. In…
Q: Given the following reaction below, what amino acid is involved and what is the specific reaction…
A: Phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan are aromatic amino acids. The side chain of the…
Q: Describe the p-nitrophenol assay and how a standard curve can be used to calculate the concentration…
A: An assay is a biochemical lab procedure to determine the quantity of molecules of interest in a…
Q: 3. Briefly describe and explain the shape of the curve in Q2.
A: In an enzyme-catalysed reaction, the substrate binds reversibly to the enzyme's active site to form…
Q: Calculate ΔGinward. Is energy required for transport to happen? The internal pH of a lysosome= 4.0…
A: The amount of change in free energy i.e. change in Gibbs free energy for the transport of an ion…
Q: Which statements best describe serotonin? Select the correct response(s): It is essential for…
A: Serotonin is a neuro transmitter that transmit the messages from one neuron to other neuron. It is…
Q: is device used to measure temperature.
A: The device used to measure temperature is .........
Q: Which of the amino acids does NOT have an aliphatic side chain? a. Lysine b. Alanine…
A: R groups in aliphatics are nonpolar and hydrophobic. The hydrocarbon chain's hydrophobicity rises as…
Q: A Biuret test is a chemical test used to determine the presence of a peptide bond in a substance.…
A: The biuret test detects the presence of proteins in a sample solution. The copper ions in the biuret…
Q: Question - is if the cells in our bodies were to convert the required energy into our food substance…
A: Energy must be supplied continuously for living things to exist. This energy is employed in part to…
Q: Which is the strongest non-covalent interaction that occurs between triglycerides: hydrogen bonds,…
A: - A non-covalent bond is one in which there is no sharing of electron pairs. It mainly occurs…
Q: Which test can you use to distinguish a monosaccharide from a disaccharide? hexoses from pentoses?…
A: Any of the fundamental substances that form the basis of carbohydrates are referred to as simple…
Q: Give 2 structural features in each of the given proteins below that make them perform their…
A: Hemoglobin is an oligomeric, conjugated protein with four polypeptides. The function of the…
Q: 8. Why is it important to maintain blood glucose during exercise? How is this achieved?
A: During exercise, it is important to maintain glucose homeostasis. There is a tight regulatory…
Q: referred to feedback inhibition as “Goldilocks regulation”. Describe how feedback inhibition keeps…
A: Biochemical pathways and reactions are occurring constantly in cells. These pathways convert the…
Q: Calculate ΔGinward. Is energy required for transport to happen? The internal pH of a lysosome= 4.0…
A: The amount of change in free energy i.e. change in Gibbs free energy for the transport of an ion…
Q: The active site _______________. a. is the compound that an enzyme reacts with during the chemical…
A: The active site is that region of an enzyme where substrate molecules bind. The binding of substrate…
Q: Which of the following experiments can be used to determine the localization of a protein in living…
A: Confocal microscopy is an optical imaging technique used for increasing optical resolution and…
Q: The starting substrate and active site of a Type I topoisomerase is shown below. During this…
A: Topoisomerases change the topology of DNA by breaking either one or two of the DNA strands and allow…
Q: A dialysis tube that contains 10 mL of a 5% sucrose solution and that is permeable to water but not…
A: Osmosis is a process by which a water moves from higher water concentration to lower water…
Q: What is the net ionic charge for the peptide at pH 5 and pH 11? The peptide is…
A: A peptide is a short chain of amino acid residues linked via a peptide bond. As a general rule of…
Q: What is one technique or property of a protein that you could use to monitor the fractions so you…
A: In column chromatography, there is a stationary phase and the mobile phase. The stationary phase…
Q: discuss the biochemistry behind disorders related to aromatic amino acids with the aid of an…
A: Metabolic disorders are caused due to abnormalities in one or more processes in a metabolic pathway.…
Q: The mitochondrial matrix is home for the following: I. ribosomes II. circular DNA III. Kreb's…
A: Mitochondria is a membrane bound organelle which is also known as power house of the cell as it is…
Q: Which of the following statements is CORRECT? A) Hexokinase IV is allosterically inhibited by…
A: Enzyme plays an important role in all the metabolic activities in our body. They themselves remain…
Q: Choose the best answer The active site of an enzyme is the place where the following happens:…
A: A catalyst is a component that speeds up a chemical reaction without really being a reactant.…
Q: Which of the following concerning hemoglobin is true? a) BPG decreases at high altitudes and causes…
A: 1 Hemoglobin is a globular protein, ie it is roughly spherical. It is an oxygen-binding protein that…
Q: How many cycles of the synthesis pathway are needed to produce lauric acid, C₁1H23COOH? ||…
A: The production of triglycerides from acetyl-coenzyme A (acetyl-CoA) subunits is known as…
Q: 5. State whether the following statements are True or False, If False, explain why 5.1 Oxaloacetate…
A: 1. Oxaloacetate is formed by the oxidation of L-malate - Oxaloacetate is formed via oxidation of…
Q: Nomenclature of vitamins (empirical, biochemical, medical).
A: Vitamins are organic nutrients which can not be synthesized in the body, hence, need to be supplied…
Q: The brown discoloration of apples and potatoes is due to an enzyme catalyzed chemical reaction.…
A: Cut apples and potatoes turn brown or discolored on exposure to air. This is due to conversion of a…
Q: Based on what you know about what powers ATP synthesis and how NADH and FADH2 interact with various…
A: Introduction Cellular respiration is a process by which glucose molecule breaks and produce carbon…
Q: quantitative testing methods. Discuss two of them. (macromolecules lab questions) ( tests for…
A: Qualitative tests tell us whether or not the biomolecule of interest is present in a sample.…
Q: 1a Briefly describe or explain what the term "supercoiling" means in the context of DNA structure.…
A: Supercoiling means the coiling of the coil. Cellular DNA is extremely compacted and implies a high…
Q: ) What would be the predominant ionization states of this amino acid at physiological pH (7.4) and…
A: Amino acids contain an alpha-amino group, an alpha-carboxylic group, and a side chain. The side…
Q: Draw the structure(s) of the following amino acids (Asp, Lys, Phe, and Val) at pH 3.5, pH 6.5, and…
A: Amino acids are biomolecules that have an ionisable amino group and an ionisable carboxyl group…
Q: Phosphatidic acid phosphatase (PAP), also called lipin, converts phosphatidate to diacylglycerol…
A: Phosphatidic acid phosphatase (PAP) or lipin converts phosphatidate to diacylglycerol (DAG), while…
Q: For the questions below be sure to show your work as well as the answer to the question. In this…
A: Hi! Thank you for the question. We are authorized to answer five subparts at a time, since you have…
Q: If there is ample oxygen available, how many ATP can be produced from complete oxidation of glucose…
A: The aerobic breakdown of nutrients into carbon dioxide, water, and energy occurs during aerobic…
Q: Why can plant material be substituted? Plants contain high amounts of saturated fats. Certain plants…
A: Introduction : Linoleate - A linoleate is a salt or ester of linoleic acid(which is an organic…
Q: When one molecule of glucose is processed through the glycolysis pathway, there will be: Net gain of…
A: All living cells use the catalytic process of glycolysis. The Embden-Meyerhof-Parnas (EMP) pathway…
Step by step
Solved in 2 steps
- Based on the image below, select the correct statement HN Aspartate Rib-P Inosinate (IMP) IMP H₂O OOC-CH₂- COO NH Fumarate N 274 adenylosuccinate lyase Rib-P Adenylosuccinate GTP GDP + P₁ adenylosuccinate IMP synthetase NAD+ NADH + H+ dehydrogenase Figure 22-36 Lehninger Principles of Biochemistry, Sixth Edition ©2013 W. H. Freeman and Company H HN H -N Gin Rib P Xanthylate (XMP) NH₂ Rib P Adenylate (AMP) Glu ATP AMP + PP₁ XMP-glutamine amidotransferase HN H₂N O GTP is phosphorylated in the conversion of IMP to GMP GTP is phosphorylated in the convertion of IMP to AMP GTP is dephosphorylated in the conversion of IMP to GMP O GTP is dephosphorylated in the conversion of IMP to AMP Rib-P Guanylate (GMP) GMPuizzes/67365/take Based on the image below, select the correct statements. Note: There may be more than 1 correct response. I Ribose 5-phosphate ribose phosphate pyrophosphokinase (PRPP synthetase) glutamine-PRPP amidotransferase adenylosuccinate synthetase AMP > 5-Phosphoribosylamine I adenylosuccinate PRPP lyase 9 steps Adenylosuccinate AMP IMP <-- ADP - AMP <-- GMP <-- IMP IMP dehydrogenase <- GMP - XMP ADP ATP GMP يمد XMP-glutamine amidotransferase Increased levels of ADP inhibit the production of PRPP. Increased levels of GMP inhibit the production of XMP. O Increased ADP activates PRPP synthase to increase PRPP levels. Increased IMP activates glutamine-PRPP amidotransferase to further increase IMP levels. 8 OBC#1 Specify the role each of the following amino acids play within the crystal structure and/or active site for Be as specific as possible, with pictures (and mechanistic arrows) as necessary. His11 Arg140 Glu89 Trp68 #2 Provide a step-wise mechanism for the reaction Bisphosphoglycerate mutase catalyzes, using the amino acids responsible for aiding in catalysis. You do not need to add surrounding amino acids that aid in substrate specificity. (drawn out)
- Draw the products of the reaction of xylulose-5-phosphate and erythrose-4-phosphate catalyzed by transketolase in the pentose phosphate pathway. Provide the structure in the protonation state found in physiological conditions. H H H OH FO HO-H H-OH H OPO3²- Q transketolase Draw glyceraldehyde-3- phosphate H H- H H H O OH OH OPO3²- Draw fructose-6- phosphate Q I IHis388 Glu357 His388 Glu357 Ring opening Proton HO HO abstraction HO но- G6P He NH- NH His388 His388 His388 Glu357 Glu357 Glu357 HO но HO но- но OH cis-enediol F6P Ring closure intermediate OH Describe the mechanism shown above for phosphoglucose isomerase. Describe the chemistry of each step • How the enzyme appears or might facilitate the chemistry How the enzyme increases the reaction rate.Triose phosphate isomerase In a key reaction of glycolysis, dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) is isomerized into glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (G3P) by the action of the enzyme triose phosphate isomerase: CH₂OH C=O CH₂OPO3²- DHAP CHO HC-OH CH₂OPO3²- G3P AG°¹ +7.5 kJ/mol Because AG is positive, the equilibrium lies to the left. (a) Calculate the equilibrium constant for this reaction, assuming a temperature of 37 °C. (b) In the cell, depletion of G3P makes the reaction proceed. What is the value of AG if the concentration of G3P is kept at 1/100 of the value of the concentration of DHAP? C ZOOM +
- Consider the mechanism of enolase, as indicated below. Which of the following correctly describes the roles of the Mg2+ as illustrated in the figure? (This is a multi- select question). Mg2+ Mg2 Enolase PO3- OH -C-C-H H OH HO H-N-H Lys 345 Glu211 2-Phosphoglycerate bound to enzyme Mg2+ Mg2 PO3- OH C-C-H OH HO H H-N*-H Lys 345 O Glu211 Enolic intermediate HOH PO3- H Phosphoenolpyruvate The metal ion (Mg2+) is helping to stabilize the extra negative charge that developed on the carboxyl group in the enolic intermediate. The metal ion (Mg2+) is serving as a general base, removing a proton in order to improve the quality of the nucleophile. The metal ion (Mg2+) is assisting in the oxidation of the carboxyl carbon through metal ion catalysis. The metal ion (Mg2+) is helping to orient the substrate properly in the active site. The metal ion (Mg2+) is accepting a proton in order to improve the quality of the leaving group.Given the following reaction, identify the class and subclass of the enzyme involved. H. CH2OH H-C-OH C=0 но-с-н но-с-н H-C-OH H-C-OH H-C-OH H-C-OH CH2OPO,2 CH2OPO,2- Class: [ Select] [ Select ] Ligase Hydrolase Lyase Subcla Transferase Isomerase OxidoreductaseThe enzyme that catalyzes reaction below can be classified as: CoO COO NAD+ NADH + H* Но- | malate -C- H-Ć- dehydrogenase Охaloacetate Malate isomerase lyase hydrolase oxidoreductase ligase transferase
- In class, I mentioned that fructose is metabolized differently in the liver compared to glucose. Refer to the figure shown below to calculate the number ofATPs you would expect from the metabolism of fructose in the liver. Show your work! Fructokinase Fructose Fructose-1-P АТР ADP Aldolase B Dihydroxy- acetone phosphate Glyceraldehyde АТР Triose kinase Triose phosphate isomerase ADP 4 - Glyceraldehyde-3-P Glycolysis Руruvate Acetyl-CoA Fatty acids and triglyceridesIncubation of the norsolinic acid synthase holo-ACP with malonyl CoA gave malonyl-S-ACP (molecular weight 10112 Da). (ACP SH holo-ACP Malonyl-SNAC Calculate the molecular weight of holo-ACP. (ACP OH malonyl-S-ACP MW = 10112The reaction catalyzed by phosphorylase is readily reversible in vitro. At pH 6.8, the equilibrium ratio of orthophosphate to glucose 1-phosphate is 3.6. The value of ΔG°’ for this reaction is small because a glycosidic bond is replaced by a phosphoryl ester bond that has a nearly equal transfer potential. However, phosphorolysis proceeds far in the direction of glycogen breakdown in vivo. Suggest one means by which the reaction can be made irreversible in vivo.