G-protein-coupled receptors on phagocytes link microbe recognition with increased efficiency of intracellular killing. The NBT (Nitro Blue Tetrazolium) test is used to diagnose the genetic disorder Chronic Granulomatous Disease (CGD). To perform this test, peripheral blood cells from the patient are stimulated with bacterial extracts, and then incubated with the NBT compound. Normal neutrophils turn blue in this test due to cleavage of the compound, while patient neutrophils remain uncolored, as shown in Figure below. Name a neutrophil receptor that is likely to be stimulated by the bacterial extract in this assay, and describe how this receptor regulates the activity of the enzyme that cleaves NBT. **Peripheral Blood Cells Stimulated with Bacterial Extracts then Incubated with NBT**This diagram illustrates a comparative analysis of the Nitroblue Tetrazolium (NBT) test results between normal individuals and patients. The NBT test is used to assess the phagocytic function of neutrophils by determining their ability to reduce NBT dye.1. **Normal** - The diagram shows a neutrophil before and after NBT stimulation. - **Neutrophil (Before Stimulation)**: Represented by a yellow circle with black granules. - **Neutrophil (After Stimulation)**: Depicted in blue indicating a positive NBT test, meaning that the neutrophils are functioning properly and have successfully reduced NBT dye due to the production of reactive oxygen species.2. **Patient** - This part of the diagram shows a neutrophil before and after NBT stimulation in a patient which results in a different outcome compared to the normal. - **Neutrophil (Before Stimulation)**: Similarly shown as a yellow circle with black granules, indicating the presence of the neutrophil. - **Neutrophil (After Stimulation)**: Stays yellow suggesting a negative NBT test, thus indicating the neutrophils from the patient are unable to reduce NBT dye, implying a potential dysfunction in the production of reactive oxygen species.**Explanation of Results:**- In a normal individual, the blood neutrophils effectively reduce the NBT dye, turning it blue, signifying functional respiratory burst activity which is essential for killing bacteria.- In a patient, the blood neutrophils fail to reduce the NBT dye and remain yellow, indicating a potential chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) or other neutrophil dysfunctions.This visual comparison helps in diagnosing conditions related to the immune response, particularly those affecting the oxidative burst capacity of neutrophils.

G-protein coupled receptors G protein coupled receptors are the largest group of membrane receptor…

Answered: Name a neutrophil receptor that is…

Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)

11th Edition

ISBN:9780134580999

Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn

Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn

Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is A. (a) organ, organ system,...

See similar textbooks

Related questions

Concept explainers

Question

G-protein-coupled receptors on phagocytes link microbe recognition with increased efficiency of intracellular killing. The NBT (Nitro Blue Tetrazolium) test is used to diagnose the genetic disorder Chronic Granulomatous Disease (CGD). To perform this test, peripheral blood cells from the patient are stimulated with bacterial extracts, and then incubated with the NBT compound. Normal neutrophils turn blue in this test due to cleavage of the compound, while patient neutrophils remain uncolored, as shown in Figure below.

Name a neutrophil receptor that is likely to be stimulated by the bacterial extract in this assay, and describe how this receptor regulates the activity of the enzyme that cleaves NBT.

**Peripheral Blood Cells Stimulated with Bacterial Extracts then Incubated with NBT**

This diagram illustrates a comparative analysis of the Nitroblue Tetrazolium (NBT) test results between normal individuals and patients. The NBT test is used to assess the phagocytic function of neutrophils by determining their ability to reduce NBT dye.

1. **Normal**
- The diagram shows a neutrophil before and after NBT stimulation.
- **Neutrophil (Before Stimulation)**: Represented by a yellow circle with black granules.
- **Neutrophil (After Stimulation)**: Depicted in blue indicating a positive NBT test, meaning that the neutrophils are functioning properly and have successfully reduced NBT dye due to the production of reactive oxygen species.

2. **Patient**
- This part of the diagram shows a neutrophil before and after NBT stimulation in a patient which results in a different outcome compared to the normal.
- **Neutrophil (Before Stimulation)**: Similarly shown as a yellow circle with black granules, indicating the presence of the neutrophil.
- **Neutrophil (After Stimulation)**: Stays yellow suggesting a negative NBT test, thus indicating the neutrophils from the patient are unable to reduce NBT dye, implying a potential dysfunction in the production of reactive oxygen species.

**Explanation of Results:**
- In a normal individual, the blood neutrophils effectively reduce the NBT dye, turning it blue, signifying functional respiratory burst activity which is essential for killing bacteria.
- In a patient, the blood neutrophils fail to reduce the NBT dye and remain yellow, indicating a potential chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) or other neutrophil dysfunctions.

This visual comparison helps in diagnosing conditions related to the immune response, particularly those affecting the oxidative burst capacity of neutrophils.

Expert Solution

Trending now

This is a popular solution!

Step by step

Solved in 2 steps

SEE SOLUTION Check out a sample Q&A here

Knowledge Booster

Learn more about

Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.

Similar questions