Insulin is a protein that allows sugar (glucose) to enter the body's cells (mainly liver, adipose tissue and skeletal muscle). This hormone plays a key role in the regulation of glucose levels in the blood ('hypoglycemic' effect). It is produced by the beta cells in the pancreas. A piece of the gene sequence that encodes for insulin contains: 5’ ATG-GCC-CTG-TGG-ATG-CGC-CTC-CTG-CCC-CTG-CTG-GCG-CTG-CTG-GCC-CTC-TGG-GGA-CCT-GAC- CCA-GCC-GCA-GCC-TTT-GTG-AAC-CAA-CAC-CTG-TGC-GGC-TCA-CAC-CTG-GTG-GAA-GCT-CTC-TAC-CTA-GTG-TGC-GGG-GAA-CGA-GGC-TTC-TTC-TAC-ACA-CCC-AAG-ACC-CGC-CGG-GAG-GCA-GAG-GAC-CTG-CAG-GTG-GGG-CAG-GTG-GAG-CTG-GGC-GGG-GGC-CCT-GGT-GCA-GGC-AGC-CTG-CAG-CCC-TTG-GCC-CTG-GAG-GGG-TCC-CTG-CAG-AAG-CGT-GGC-ATT-GTG-GAA-CAA-TGC-TGT-ACC-AGC-ATC-TGC-TCC-CTC-TAC-CAG-CTG-GAG-AAC-TAC-TGC-AAC-TAG 3’ a. What is the complementary strand sequence? b. If the complementary strand is used during transcription, what is the base sequence of the resulting m-RNA? c. Based on the m-RNA sequence coding for human insulin, what is the amino acid sequence?
Insulin is a protein that allows sugar (glucose) to enter the body's cells (mainly liver, adipose tissue and skeletal muscle). This hormone plays a key role in the regulation of glucose levels in the blood ('hypoglycemic' effect). It is produced by the beta cells in the pancreas. A piece of the gene sequence that encodes for insulin contains: 5’ ATG-GCC-CTG-TGG-ATG-CGC-CTC-CTG-CCC-CTG-CTG-GCG-CTG-CTG-GCC-CTC-TGG-GGA-CCT-GAC- CCA-GCC-GCA-GCC-TTT-GTG-AAC-CAA-CAC-CTG-TGC-GGC-TCA-CAC-CTG-GTG-GAA-GCT-CTC-TAC-CTA-GTG-TGC-GGG-GAA-CGA-GGC-TTC-TTC-TAC-ACA-CCC-AAG-ACC-CGC-CGG-GAG-GCA-GAG-GAC-CTG-CAG-GTG-GGG-CAG-GTG-GAG-CTG-GGC-GGG-GGC-CCT-GGT-GCA-GGC-AGC-CTG-CAG-CCC-TTG-GCC-CTG-GAG-GGG-TCC-CTG-CAG-AAG-CGT-GGC-ATT-GTG-GAA-CAA-TGC-TGT-ACC-AGC-ATC-TGC-TCC-CTC-TAC-CAG-CTG-GAG-AAC-TAC-TGC-AAC-TAG 3’
a. What is the complementary strand sequence?
b. If the complementary strand is used during transcription, what is the base sequence of the resulting m-RNA?
c. Based on the m-RNA sequence coding for human insulin, what is the amino acid sequence?
d. Mutation of codon 34 (CAC to GAC) and 85 (CGT to CAT) of the insulin gene causes hyperinsulinemia which may contribute to diabetes. Identify the amino acid replacement from these mutations.
e. Approximately 18% of the double-stranded DNA of the insulin gene is adenine, what are the percentages of the other bases?
f. The insulin gene (double-stranded DNA with 666
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