In what way is ribozymal activity essential to modem life, based on our coverage? It catalyzes folding of each tRNA. It catalyzes pyrophosphate hydrolysis. It catalyzes peptide bond formation. It catalyzes hydrolysis of the fully-translated polypeptide from the final RNA. It catalyzes charging of each tRNA.

In what way is ribozymal activity essential to modem life, based on our coverage? It catalyzes folding of each tRNA. It catalyzes pyrophosphate hydrolysis. It catalyzes peptide bond formation. It catalyzes hydrolysis of the fully-translated polypeptide from the final RNA. It catalyzes charging of each tRNA.

Biology 2e

2nd Edition

ISBN:9781947172517

Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark

Publisher:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark

Chapter15: Genes And Proteins

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 3VCQ: Figure 15.16 Many antibiotics inhibit bacterial protein synthesis. For example, tetracycline blocks...

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What enzyme catalyzes protein synthesis in bacteria? You discover a new broad-spectrum antibiotic that inhibits protein synthesis and named it Compound J. You want to determine the mechanism of action of Compound J. After treating bacteria cells with Compound J, you observe many ribosomes with long polypeptide chains bound to them. Based on this observation, make a hypothesis about which part of the ribosome Compound J is binding and how this specifically affects translation. What evidence supports that proper protein folding is essential to all domains of life? Name and describe the function/s of two specific molecules that help proteins fold in bacteria.
For each amino acid incorporated into a polypeptide the cell has to invest three high-energy phosphates (ATP or GTP). At which step of the overall process is energy investment NOT required? What is the correct answer from below? Ester bond formation between a tRNA and an amino acid Release of an aminoacyl-tRNA into the A-site of a ribosome Translocation of a ribosome along an mRNA molecule Peptide bond formation between amino acids none of the above
Order the following choices to indicate the sequence of steps in the process of elongation of a growing peptide chain. Peptidyltransferase reaction catalyzed by large rRNA subunit. Aminoacyl-tRNA binds the ribosomal A site via EF1x-GTP hydrolysis. EF2-GTP hydrolysis promotes translocation of the ribosome. Release of EF1«-GDP. >
Which of the following cannot be said regarding aminoacyl tRNA synthetase? It is essential for the correct reading of codons. A single tRNA synthetase can attach different amino acids to their corresponding tRNA. It is first activated when it catalyzes a reaction between ATP and an amino acid to form an aminoacyladenylic acid (amino acyl-AMP). It is responsible for the attachment of the correct amino acid to the correct tRNA. There is a different tRNA synthetase for each amino acid that will be attached to a tRNA.
The piece of RNA below includes the region that codes for the binding site for the initiator tRNA needed in translation. 5′-GUUUCCCGUAUACAUGCGUGCCGGGGGC-3′ Which amino acid will be on the tRNA that is the first to bind to the A site of the ribosome? A) methionine B) arginineC) cysteine D) valine
The peptidyltransferase reaction begins with the hydrolysis or breaking of the bond between the carboxyl group of the last amino acid added to the growing polypeptide and the 3' end of the tRNA in the P site. How does the ribosome get the necessary activation energy to catalyze that hydrolysis reaction?
What do you think would be the potential effect of a mutation in the part of the tRNA gene that encodes (a) the acceptor stem; (b) the anticodon; (c) one of the red nucleotide positions?
Which of the following would base pair with an aminoacyl tRNA?Question 33 options: A) 5'-UGA-3' in the A site of the ribosome B) 5'-GGG-3' in the P site of the ribosome C) 5'-UAC-3' in the A site of the ribosome D) 5'-AAA-3' in the E site of the ribosome
Structural analysis of bacterial release factor 1 (RF-1) and release factor-2 (RF-2) reveals that these proteins are similar in size and shape to a tRNA molecule. This similarity has sometimes been called molecular mimicry. Why might RF-1 and RF-2 have evolved to mimic tRNA?
Figure 15.16 Many antibiotics inhibit bacterial protein synthesis. For example, tetracycline blocks the A site on the bacterial ribosome, and chloramphenicol blocks peptidyl transfer. What specific effect would you expect each of these antibiotics to have on protein synthesis? Tetracycline would directly affect: tRNA binding to the ribosome ribosome assembly growth of the protein chain Chloramphenicol would directly affect tRNA binding to the ribosome ribosome assembly growth of the protein chain
Which of the following are stages of translation? Select all that apply. ---A tRNA binds to the second codon and its carried amino acid forms a peptide bond with methionine. ---When the ribosome reaches a stop codon, its subunits detach, and the mRNA and new polypeptide are released. ---As the ribosome moves from codon to codon, amino acids brought by successive tRNAs to the ribosome form a growing polypeptide. ---The binding of a tRNA to the third codon causes the ribosome to release the first tRNA and move to the next codon. ---Ribosomal subunits and a tRNA carrying methionine converge on the start codon of an mRNA.
Which of the following statements is false about the structure of TRNA? O Because of hydrogen bonds, a tRNA actually twists and folds into a three- dimensional structure. O There are 4 base-paired regions and 3 loops in a tRNA molecule. O Flattened into one plane to reveal its base pairing, a tRNA molecule looks like a cloverleaf. O A TRNA molecule consists of a single RNA strand that is only about 80 nucleotides long. O A TRNA molecule carries an amino acid on its 5' end.