In tropical climates, the water near the surface of the ocean remains warm throughout the year as a result of solar energy absorption.In the deeper parts of the ocean, however, the water remains at a relatively low temperature since the sun's rays cannot penetratevery far. It is proposed to take advantage of this temperature difference and construct a power plant that will absorb heat from thewarm water near the surface and reject the waste heat to the cold water a few hundred meters below. Determine the maximumthermal efficiency of such a plant if the water temperatures at the two respective locations are 24°C and 4.500°C. (Round the finalanswer to three decimal places.)PumpBoilerCondenserTurbineThe maximum thermal efficiency of the plant is%.

Assumptions:Ideal Carnot Cycle: We'll assume the plant operates on an ideal Carnot cycle, which is…

Answered: In tropical climates, the water near…

Elements Of Electromagnetics

7th Edition

ISBN:9780190698614

Author:Sadiku, Matthew N. O.

Publisher:Sadiku, Matthew N. O.

ChapterMA: Math Assessment

Section: Chapter Questions

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The Nevada Solar One solar thermal power plant covers a land area of 140 hectares and has an estimated peak output of 64 MW. If the peak solar ﬂ ux reaching the surface of that part of Nevada is about 630 W/m2, what is the net efﬁciency of the power plant? Compare your answer with some of the higher efﬁ ciencies of semiconductor solar cells.
An inventor claims to have developed a resistance heater that supplies 1.2 kWh of energy to a room for each kWh of electricity it consumes. Is this a reasonable claim, or has the inventor developed a perpetual-motion machine? Explain.
Consider a classroom for 55 students and one instructor, each generating heat at a rate of 100 W. Lighting is provided by 18 fluorescent lightbulbs, 40 W each, and the ballasts consume an additional 10 percent. Determine the rate of internal heat generation in this classroom when it is fully occupied.
One method of meeting the extra electric power demand at peak periods is to pump some water from a large body of water (such as a lake) to a reservoir at a higher elevation at times of low demand and to generate electricity at times of high demand by letting this water run down and rotate a turbine (i.e., convert the electric energy to potential energy and then back to electric energy). For an energy storage capacity of 5 × 106 kWh, determine the minimum amount of water that needs to be stored at an average elevation (relative to the ground level) of 75 m.
A device collects energy from the sun's rays and produces a high temperature of 95 °C. A small heat engine then uses this as a high temperature reservoir and operates at an ambient temperature of 15 °C. What is the maximum possible thermal efficiency of this heat engine? After some improvements are made to the solar energy collector, the high temperature it produces is now Tnew. If it is given that the new maximum possible thermal efficiency of the heat engine is double the previous one, what is Tnew? (Assume that the ambient temperature stays the same)
Portable electric heaters are commonly used to heat small rooms. Explain the energy transformation involved during this heating process.
How does a geothermal power plant generate electricity? Explain on the basis of heat transfer and energy transformation.
Solar energy stored in large bodies of water, called solar ponds, is being used to generate electricity. If such a solar power plant has an efficiency of 3 percent and a net power output of 180 kW, determine the average value of the reuired solar energy collection rate, in Btu/h.
Define the Mechanisms of Energy Transfer, Ein and Eout?
THERMOFLUID A student living in a 3-m X 4-m X 4-m dormitory room turns on her 100-W fan before she leaves the room on a summer day, hoping that the room will be cooler when she comes back in the evening. Assuming all the doors and heat trans windows are tightly closed and disregarding any heat fer let through the walls and the windows, determine the temperature in the room when she comes back 8 h later. Use specific heat values at room temperature, and assume room to be at 100 kPa and 20°C in the morning she leaves.
Replacing incandescent lights with energy-efficient fluorescent lights can reduce the lighting energy consumption to one-fourth of what it was before. The energy consumed by the lamps is eventually converted to heat, and thus switching to energy-efficient lighting also reduces the cooling load in summer but increases the heating load in winter. Consider a building that is heated by a natural gas furnace with an efficiency of 80 percent and cooled by an air conditioner with a COP of 3.5. If electricity costs $0.12/kWh and natural gas costs $1.40/therm (1 therm = 105,500 kJ), determine if efficient lighting will increase or decrease the total energy cost of the building in summer.
a 200-W vacuum cleaner is powered by an electric motor whose efficiency is 80%. (Note that the electric motor delivers 200 W of net mechanical power to the fan of the cleaners). Determine the rule at which this vacuum cleaner supplies energy to the room when running.

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