In the process of differentiation, much of what the cells has access to in its genome is shut off. Which of the following processes is usedto silence a single gene?Chromatin remodellingMethylation of a promotorAlternate RNA splicingAcetylation of a histoneO Methylation of a silencer

DNA methylation is the process that adds a methyl group to the cytosine base at the C5 position and…

In the process of differentiation, much of what the cells has access to in its genome is shut off. Which of the following processes is used to silence a single gene? O Chromatin remodelling O Methylation of a promotor O Alternate RNA splicing O Acetylation of a histone O Methylation of a silencer

In the process of differentiation, much of what the cells has access to in its genome is shut off. Which of the following processes is used to silence a single gene? O Chromatin remodelling O Methylation of a promotor O Alternate RNA splicing O Acetylation of a histone O Methylation of a silencer

Concepts of Biology

1st Edition

ISBN:9781938168116

Author:Samantha Fowler, Rebecca Roush, James Wise

Publisher:Samantha Fowler, Rebecca Roush, James Wise

Chapter9: Molecular Biology

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 10RQ: Control of gene expression in eukaryotic cells occurs at which level(s)? a. only the transcriptional...

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Question

In the process of differentiation, much of what the cells has access to in its genome is shut off. Which of the following processes is used
to silence a single gene?
Chromatin remodelling
Methylation of a promotor
Alternate RNA splicing
Acetylation of a histone
O Methylation of a silencer

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The diagram below shows the structure of DNA from the level of a gene to a condensed mitotic chromosome. At each of the four locations marked, indicate how a gene may be regulated by selecting from the choices given. Some answer choices may fit into more than one position; however, you should use each answer choice only once. Choices given: Alternative splicing within the gene sequence can lead to different forms of mRNA. A promoter region can be blocked by another protein. Histone deacetylation can prevent DNA from unwinding. A regulatory region can be bound and increase transcription rates.
Typically, increased acetylation and decreased methylation of histone N-terminal tails in nucleosomes leads to removal of the protein components of the chromatin from the DNA relaxed packaging of the chromatin and increased transcription increased amounts of euchromatin relative to heterochromatin activation of topoisomerase tighter packaging of the chromatin and reduced transcription
If a section of a chromosome is heavily methylated, which of the following is likely to be true? Group of answer choices That portion of the chromosome is transcriptionally active That portion of the chromosome consists of euchromatin That portion of the chromosome is transcriptionally quiet RNA polymerase will have easy access to the DNA in that region
Which of the following statements most accurately represent chromatin state and transcription? Group of answer choices 1.Histone deacetylases promote closed chromatin and result in repressed transcription 2.Open chromatin is associated with hypoacetylation and has high levels of transcription 3.Histone acetyltransferases result in hypoacetylation and high levels of transcription 4.Hyperacetylation is associated with closed chromatin and low levels of transcription
Chromatin decompaction is a preliminary step in gene expression (Figure 29.48). How is chromatin decompacted?
Control of gene expression in eukaryotic cells occurs at which level(s)? a. only the transcriptional level b. epigenetic and transcriptional levels c. epigenetic, transcriptional, and translational levels d. epigenetic, transcriptional, post-transcriptional, translational, and post-translational levels
Put the following processes in order of their occurrence during expression of a eukaryotic gene: a. mRNA processing c. transcription b. translation d. RNA leaves nucleus
Histones can be modified to turn genes on and off. Which type of chromatin is associated with transcriptionally active regions of the DNA?
The first product of genome expression is transcriptome but what happens if the RNA of the genes are not activated at a certain time?
What is the primary mechanism by which eukaryotes control transcription during cellular differentiation? O Posttranslational control of proteins through ubiquitination and phosphorylation O Regulatory transcription factors that influence chromatin structure and bind to regulatory regions O Inhibition of RNA polymerase through the expression of inhibitory enzymes O Production of microRNAs to disable mRNAs that should not be expressed O Alternative splicing of genes in different tissue types
Regulation of gene expression in eukaryotes can occur: Group of answer choices at the post-transcriptional level, by changes in mRNA stability. all of these at the post-translational level, by modifications to activate proteins. at the transcriptional level, mediated by specific proteins called transcription factors. at the chromatin level, by changes in the state of condensation of chromatin.
Consider gene expression in a eukaryotic cell. Which of the following is true for transcription in this cell? Select all that apply. MRNA has to be processed before leaving the nucleus MRNA can be synthesized by Transcription and at the same time this mRNA can be used for protein synthesis or Translation RNA polymerase requires several transcription factors for efficient transcription initiation During Transcription, the enzyme topoisomerase relaxes negative supercoiling in the DNA strands