Organization of domains in the precursor gene for the x light chain V3 Va V300 J2 Ja JAc RAG1 and RAG2 recognize recombination signal sequences and catalyze the breakage at the end of a variable domain and beginning of a joining domain. In this example, it occurs at the end of V7g and beginning of J2. V V2 V3 Va V78 The intervening DNA is lost. NHEJ proteins catalyze the joining of the last V domain and first J domain in V300 the remaining DNA. The gene is transcribed into a pre-MRNA starting at the last variable domain. V78 J2 J3 3' 5' The region between the first joining domain and constant domain in the pre-MRNA is spliced out. 3' V78 J2 The mRNA is translated into a polypeptide containing 1 variable, 1 joining, and 1 constant domain. NH, V78 Vтв Ja -соон 2 light polypeptides and 2 heavy polypeptides assemble to form a functional antibody protein. NH2 NH2 Heavy polypeptide СООН -COOH A functiona antibody -COOH made in 1B cell СООн NH,- `Light polypeptide NH FIGURE 20.7 Site-specific recombination within the precur- sor gene that encodes the x light chain for immunoglobulin G (IgG) in the mouse.
Gene Interactions
When the expression of a single trait is influenced by two or more different non-allelic genes, it is termed as genetic interaction. According to Mendel's law of inheritance, each gene functions in its own way and does not depend on the function of another gene, i.e., a single gene controls each of seven characteristics considered, but the complex contribution of many different genes determine many traits of an organism.
Gene Expression
Gene expression is a process by which the instructions present in deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) are converted into useful molecules such as proteins, and functional messenger ribonucleic (mRNA) molecules in the case of non-protein-coding genes.
According to the scenario shown, how many segments of DNA (one, two, or three) are removed during site-specific recombination within the gene that encodes the κ (kappa) light chain for IgG proteins? How many segments are spliced out of the pre-mRNA?
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