In the presence of excess tryptophan, a repressor protein binds the operator of the trp operon and prevents the operon from being transcribed. In the absence of lactose, the lacR repressor protein binds the lac operon. In the presence of the sugar arabinose, an activator protein binds the promoter of the genes responsible for processing arabinose and induces their transcription.
Gene Interactions
When the expression of a single trait is influenced by two or more different non-allelic genes, it is termed as genetic interaction. According to Mendel's law of inheritance, each gene functions in its own way and does not depend on the function of another gene, i.e., a single gene controls each of seven characteristics considered, but the complex contribution of many different genes determine many traits of an organism.
Gene Expression
Gene expression is a process by which the instructions present in deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) are converted into useful molecules such as proteins, and functional messenger ribonucleic (mRNA) molecules in the case of non-protein-coding genes.
![**Classifying Prokaryotic Gene Expression**
**Positive Gene Regulation**
- **Statement:** In the presence of the sugar arabinose, an activator protein binds the promoter of the genes responsible for processing arabinose and induces their transcription.
- **Statement:** In the presence of lactose and low glucose, the lac operon is expressed 20-fold higher than in the absence of lactose.
**Negative Gene Regulation**
- **Statement:** In the presence of excess tryptophan, a repressor protein binds the operator of the trp operon and prevents the operon from being transcribed.
- **Statement:** In the absence of lactose, the lac repressor protein binds the lac operon.
- **Statement:** In the presence of iron, the dtxR repressor protein binds DNA, and the gene that encodes for the diphtheria toxin is not expressed.
**Answer Bank:**
1. In the presence of excess tryptophan, a repressor protein binds the operator of the trp operon and prevents the operon from being transcribed.
2. In the absence of lactose, the lac repressor protein binds the lac operon.
3. In the presence of the sugar arabinose, an activator protein binds the promoter of the genes responsible for processing arabinose and induces their transcription.
4. In the presence of iron, the dtxR repressor protein binds DNA, and the gene that encodes for the diphtheria toxin is not expressed.
5. In the presence of lactose and low glucose, the lac operon is expressed 20-fold higher than in the absence of lactose.](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2Fd6b4bd3b-c23c-4e19-9ff7-b724dd0e50b1%2F68d75903-ceb8-4ebf-990e-2486e69cd5d1%2Fkjh5to_processed.jpeg&w=3840&q=75)
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