Gene Interactions
When the expression of a single trait is influenced by two or more different non-allelic genes, it is termed as genetic interaction. According to Mendel's law of inheritance, each gene functions in its own way and does not depend on the function of another gene, i.e., a single gene controls each of seven characteristics considered, but the complex contribution of many different genes determine many traits of an organism.
Gene Expression
Gene expression is a process by which the instructions present in deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) are converted into useful molecules such as proteins, and functional messenger ribonucleic (mRNA) molecules in the case of non-protein-coding genes.
Explain how the trp operon is regulated by trp repressor and by attenuation.
Gene is the hereditary unit occupying a specific position in the chromosome and carries information from one generation to another. In prokaryotes, Operons are the group of genes arranged as units that codes for related proteins. An operon constitutes three types of genes namely operator, promoter, regulator, and structural genes that codes for the synthesis of specific polypeptides.
Gene regulation is a mechanism by which cells increase or decrease the productivity of any specific gene product such as RNA or protein. This phenomenon aids in cell differentiation and morphogenesis in the embryonic stage of a multicellular organism to produce various different cell types with different gene expression profiles.
The gene regulation can be categorized into two types namely positive regulators known as Activators and negative regulators as Repressors. Activators (inducers) binds to the operon and allows the transcription process to continue or even increase the rate and thus cause the production of proteins as required in the body. Whereas when a repressor protein binds to the operon the transcription process slows down or halts.
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