In order to study protein structures and functions, many protein techniques have been developed for specific applications. Which of the following pair of technique: application is INCORRECT? a. Mass Spectrometry: protein molecular weight b. SDS-PAGE: protein structure c. X-ray crystallography: protein structure d. NMR: protein structure e. Peptide mass fingerprinting: protein presence and identification
Molecular Techniques
Molecular techniques are methods employed in molecular biology, genetics, biochemistry, and biophysics to manipulate and analyze nucleic acids (deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA)), protein, and lipids. Techniques in molecular biology are employed to investigate the molecular basis for biological activity. These techniques are used to analyze cellular properties, structures, and chemical reactions, with a focus on how certain molecules regulate cellular reactions and growth.
DNA Fingerprinting and Gel Electrophoresis
The genetic makeup of living organisms is shown by a technique known as DNA fingerprinting. The difference is the satellite region of DNA is shown by this process. Alex Jeffreys has invented the process of DNA fingerprinting in 1985. Any biological samples such as blood, hair, saliva, semen can be used for DNA fingerprinting. DNA fingerprinting is also known as DNA profiling or molecular fingerprinting.
Molecular Markers
A known DNA sequence or gene sequence is present on a chromosome, and it is associated with a specific trait or character. It is mainly used as a genetic marker of the molecular marker. The first genetic map was done in a fruit fly, using genes as the first marker. In two categories, molecular markers are classified, classical marker and a DNA marker. A molecular marker is also known as a genetic marker.
DNA Sequencing
The most important feature of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) molecules are nucleotide sequences and the identification of genes and their activities. This the reason why scientists have been working to determine the sequences of pieces of DNA covered under the genomic field. The primary objective of the Human Genome Project was to determine the nucleotide sequence of the entire human nuclear genome. DNA sequencing selectively eliminates the introns leading to only exome sequencing that allows proteins coding.
In order to study protein structures and functions, many protein techniques have been developed for specific applications. Which of the following pair of technique: application is INCORRECT?
Mass Spectrometry: protein molecular weight
SDS-PAGE: protein structure
X-ray crystallography: protein structure
NMR: protein structure
Peptide mass fingerprinting: protein presence and identification
Proteins are composed of twenty standard amino acids attached together via peptide bonds. These twenty standard amino acids differ from each other on the basis of their side-chain properties. Function of proteins is affected by their structures. Thus, in order to study the molecular mechanism of functioning of different proteins, their structures are determined with the help of techniques such as NMR, X-ray crystallography etc.
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