USE THE 8-STEP HYPOTHESIS TESTINGIn a study by Xiao and Shi (A-14), researchers studied the effect of cranberry juice in the treatmentand prevention of Helicobacter pylori infection in mice. The eradication of Helicobacter pyloriresults in the healing of peptic ulcers. Researchers compared treatment with cranberry juice to "tripletherapy (amoxicillin, bismuth subcitrate, and metronidazole) in mice infected with Helicobacterpylori. After 4 weeks, they examined the mice to determine the frequency of eradication of thebacterium in the two treatment groups. The following table shows the results.Triple therapyCranberry juiceNo. of Mice with Helicobacter pylori EradicatedYesNo8228May we conclude, on the basis of these data, that triple therapy is more effective than cranberry juiceat eradication of the bacterium? Let a = .05 and find the p value.

Given that We have to conduct hypothesis testing for the claim that triple therapy is more…

Answered: In a study by Xiao and Shi (A-14),…

MATLAB: An Introduction with Applications

6th Edition

ISBN:9781119256830

Author:Amos Gilat

Publisher:Amos Gilat

Chapter1: Starting With Matlab

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1P

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4. Captopril is a drug designed to lower systolic blood pressure. When subjects were treated with this drug, their systolic blood pressure readings (in mm Hg) were measured before and after the drug was taken. Results are given in the accompanying table (based on data from “Essential Hypertension: Effect of an Oral Inhibitor of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme”, by MacGregor et al., BMJ, Vol. 2). Using a 0.01 significance level, is there sufficient evidence to support the claim that captopril has an effect on systolic blood pressure? Explain why statistical methods from Z-interval, Z-test, T-interval or T-test –cannot be used for this problem. Then, use the sign test to conduct the required test in R studio. Please show your work.
Researchers have suggested that sleep apnoea (the tendency to occasionally stop breathing when asleep) may worsen the effects of allergen-induced asthma. To investigate this possibility, Johnson and colleagues (2015), compared two groups of rats, a normal healthy non-allergic group, and a second group that were mildly allergic to ovalbumin. They subjected these rats to one of two treatments – 1) a 10-minute period of induced hypoxia (oxygen down to 10% of the air), representing the kind of temporary hypoxia that sufferers of sleep apnoea may be subjected to, and 2) a control (normal air) group. They then compared the respiratory function of both groups in these two treatments by using a two-factor ANOVA. What are the 3 null hypotheses are being tested in the ANOVA? What is the result of the test of the interaction effect from this analysis? What would be the most correct interpretation this result, based on the plot of means? Source df F P Rat type 1…
Researchers are interested in testing the effectiveness of a new immunosuppressive therapy to be used post-transplant to reduce graft failure in the host. Suppose researchers investigating this new therapy are concerned about the dangerous side-effects of the drug. For instance, participants that would like to enroll in the study are not allowed to already have diabetes, as the immunosuppressive agent has been found to drastically increase fasting glucose levels, which could be very dangerous for diabetics. This means, however, that participants that enter and are treated with the new drug may develop diabetes as time goes on. Suppose the following table addresses the incidence of diabetes in the study depending on treatment group. (α=.01) Type II Diabetes No Type II Diabetes Total Investigational Drug 45 32 77 Best standard of Care 35 50 85 Total 80 82 162 Based on this information complete the hypothesis steps for Chi-Squared below:…
Red Wine and Weight LossResveratrol, a compound in grapes and red wine, has been shown to promote weight loss in rodents and now in a primate.1 Lemurs fed a resveratrol supplement for four weeks had decreased food intake, increased metabolic rate, and a reduction in seasonal body-mass gain compared to a control group. Suppose a hypothetical study is done for a different primate species, with one group given a resveratrol supplement and the other group given a placebo. We wish to see if there is evidence that resveratrol increases the mean metabolism rate for this species. (This exercise presents hypothetical data. We will see the results from the actual study later in this chapter.) (a) State the null and alternative hypotheses.Let group 1 be the species taking a resveratrol supplement and let group 2 be the species taking a placebo.
In a certain jurisdiction, all students in Grade Three are required to take a standardized test to evaluate their math comprehension skills.The file contains these data resulting from a random sample of n=30 schools within this jurisdiction. From these data you wish to estimate the model Yi=β0+β1Xi+ei where Xi is the percentage of Grade Three students in School i who live below the poverty line and Yi is the average mathematics comprehension score for all Grade Three students in the same school, School i. The observed data for the X variable is labled perbelowpoverty and the observed data for the Y variable is labeled mathscore in the file.Import (either hand type or load the file) data into R Studio, then answer the following questions based on the data.(a) Create a scatterplot of the data. What can you say about the nature of the relationship between the percentage of Grade Three students living below the poverty line in a certain school and the school's average Grade Three…
An experiment to test the effectiveness of regular treatments with fluoride varnish to reduce tooth decay involved 36 volunteers who had half of their teeth (the right side or left side, determined by a coin flip) painted with a fluoride varnish every six month for 5 years. At the end of the treatments, the number of new cavities during the treatment period was compared on treatment (fluoride varnish) side versus the control (no fluoride varnish) side. The appropriate statistical test for analyzing the results of this experiment is O Paired t test for a mean difference O One sample z test for a population mean O Two sample t test for a difference in means O One sample z test for a population proportion O Two sample z test for a difference in proportions
Carbon dioxide is known to have a critical effect on microbiological growth. Small amounts of CO2 stimulate growth of some organisms, whereas high concentrations inhibit the growth of most. The latter effect is used commercially when perishable food products are stored. A study is conducted to investigate the effect of CO2 on the growth rate of pseudomonas fragi, a food-spoiling organism. Carbon dioxide is administered at five predetermined different atmospheric pressures. The response measured was the percentage change in cell mass after 1-hour growing time. Ten cultures were used at each atmospheric pressure level, resulting in the following data: 0.0 .083 .29 .50 .86 62.6 50.9 45.5 29.5 24.9 59.6 44.3 41.1 22.8 17.2 64.5 47.5 29.8 19.2 7.8 59.3 49.5 38.3 20.6 10.5 58.6 48.5 40.2 29.2 17.8 64.6 50.4 38.5 24.1 22.1 50.9 35.2 30.2 22.6 22.6 56.2 49.9 27.0 32.7 16.8 52.3…
A group of toxicologists investigated the impact of exposure to low oxygen on the mortality of rice weevils. In an experiment, 31,386 of 31,421 rice weevils were found dead after exposure to nitrogen gas for 4 days. In a second experiment, 23,516 of 23,676 rice weevils were found dead after exposure to nitrogen gas for 3.5 days. Conduct a test of hypothesis to compare the mortality rates of adult rice weevils exposed to nitrogen at the two exposure times. Is there a significant difference (at a = 0.10) in the mortality rates? Give the null and alternative hypotheses. Let p, represent the proportion of rice weevils found dead in the first experiment and p, represent the proportion of rice weevils found dead in the second experiment. Choose the correct answer below. O A. Ho: (P1 - P2) #0 Ha: (P1 - P2) = 0 O C. Họ: (P1 - P2) 0 H3: (P1 - P2) = 0 OF. Ho: (P1 - P2) =0 H: (P1 - P2) >0 Find the test statistic. The test statistic is z=. (Round to two decimal places as needed.)
It has been hypothesized that allergies result from a lack of early childhood exposure to antigens. If this hypothesis were true, then we would expect allergies to be more common in very hygienic households with low levels of bacteria and other infectious agents. To test this theory, researchers at the University of Colorado sampled the houses of 61 children 9-24 months old and recorded two variables: (1) whether the child tested positive for allergies and (2) the concentration of bacterial endotoxin in the house dust (endotoxin units per ml, EU/ml)1. The following are the endotoxin levels at the homes of the 51 children tested negative for allergies. 708.23 911.60 976.81 1316.63 262.74 9772.08 370.76 229.16 2570.51891.19 3163.20 1777.65 1288.57 436.23 2631.63 1173.52 911.67 7942.42 740.32 356.92 1175.48 1480.55 2754.61 575.62 573.89 468.26 1000.71 364.22 1025.26 1022.04 645.41 363.57 977.47 1022.75 1860.63 371.13 174.73 399.68 1479.77 2882.96…
The aging Neotropical termites (Neocapritermes taracua) secrete a sticky, blue-colored liquid that they spew to intruding termites. The younger Neotropical termites secrete a liquid that lacks the blue component, so it is white in appearance. In an experiment that measured the toxicity of the blue substance, the researchers placed one drop of either the blue liquid or the white liquid on individuals of a second termite species, Labiotermes labralis. Of the 41 Labiotermes labralis that got the blue drop, 37 were immobilized. Of the 40 Labiotermes labralis that got the white drop, 9 were immobilized. Is the blue liquid toxic compared to the white liquid?
A group of 10-year-old boys were first ascertained in a camp for diabetic boys. They had their weight measured at baseline and again when they returned to camp 1 year later. Each time, a serum sample was obtained from which a determination of hemoglobin A1c (HgbA1c) was made. HgbA1c (also called glycosylated hemoglobin) is routinely used to monitor compliance with taking insulin injections. Usually, the poorer the compliance, the higher the HgbA1c level will be. The hypothesis is that the level HgbA1c is related to weight. The data in Table 11.28 were obtained. 11.95 Compute a rank correlation between change in weight and change in HgbA1c, each over 1 year. Use this measure to directly test the hypothesis that change in weight over 1 year is related to change in HgbA1c. Report a two-tailed p-value, and provide a 95% confidence interval for the underlying rank correlation.
Beryllium is an extremely lightweight metal that is used in many industries, such as aerospace and electronics. Long-term exposure to beryllium can cause people to become sensitized. Once an individual is sensitized, continued exposure can result in chronic beryllium disease, which involves scarring of the lungs. In a study of the effects of exposure to beryllium, workers were categorized by their duration of exposure (in years) and by their disease status (diseased, sensitized, or normal). The results were as follows: Duration of Exposure <1 1 to <5 ≥5 Diseased 14 13 18 Sensitized 11 20 15 Normal 78 140 209 Test the hypothesis of independence. Use the a=0.10 level of significance and the P-value method with the TI-84 Plus calculator. What do you conclude? State the null and alternate hypotheses.

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