Document 5: Poster created by Sonora government in Mexico. Lepra Sifilis Tracoma Los terribles males del Oricnte, de fácil contagio, que los chinos encubren con ropajes limpísimos cuando desempeñan trabajos de mozos de café, lavanderos o dependientes. Top text (translated): "Syphilis", "tracoma" is a bacterial infection behind the eyelids, and "leprosy" Bottom text (translated): "The terrible ills of the East, highly contagious, the Cninese hide [illnesses] behind immaculate clothes whenever they work in cafes, doing your laundry ar as house boys." Document 7': Augustine-Adams, Kif. Marriage and "Mestizaje", Chinese and Mexican: Constitutional Interpretation and Resistance in Sonora, 1921-1935. Law and History Review Vol. 29, No. 2 (May 2011), pp. 419-463. [modified] In the early twentieth century, thousands of single men like Gim Pon immigrated to Mexico, boosting the Chinese population there from slightly over 1,000 in 1895 to more than 24,000 in the mid-1920s. Once in Sonora, Gim Pon adapted to life in Mexico: he changed his name to Francisco Gim, learned Spanish, and became naturalized as a Mexican citizen. Most importantly, he formed a family with Julia Delgado. The Gim Delgado family lived and worked as owners of a hotel in the small border town of Naco. Each member of the family could both read and write in Spanish...Even with significant indicators of integration for Gum and middle-class status for the family as a whole- Mexican nationality, Spanish literacy, and property ownership-the Gim Delgado family lacked formal legal recognition. Julia and Francisco were not allowed to legally marry, but [only] live together in a free union (union libre).

Document 5: Poster created by Sonora government in Mexico. Lepra Sifilis Tracoma Los terribles males del Oricnte, de fácil contagio, que los chinos encubren con ropajes limpísimos cuando desempeñan trabajos de mozos de café, lavanderos o dependientes. Top text (translated): "Syphilis", "tracoma" is a bacterial infection behind the eyelids, and "leprosy" Bottom text (translated): "The terrible ills of the East, highly contagious, the Cninese hide [illnesses] behind immaculate clothes whenever they work in cafes, doing your laundry ar as house boys." Document 7': Augustine-Adams, Kif. Marriage and "Mestizaje", Chinese and Mexican: Constitutional Interpretation and Resistance in Sonora, 1921-1935. Law and History Review Vol. 29, No. 2 (May 2011), pp. 419-463. [modified] In the early twentieth century, thousands of single men like Gim Pon immigrated to Mexico, boosting the Chinese population there from slightly over 1,000 in 1895 to more than 24,000 in the mid-1920s. Once in Sonora, Gim Pon adapted to life in Mexico: he changed his name to Francisco Gim, learned Spanish, and became naturalized as a Mexican citizen. Most importantly, he formed a family with Julia Delgado. The Gim Delgado family lived and worked as owners of a hotel in the small border town of Naco. Each member of the family could both read and write in Spanish...Even with significant indicators of integration for Gum and middle-class status for the family as a whole- Mexican nationality, Spanish literacy, and property ownership-the Gim Delgado family lacked formal legal recognition. Julia and Francisco were not allowed to legally marry, but [only] live together in a free union (union libre).