To what extent did the Great Depression catalyze important changes in Americans’ perceptions of themselves, their national identity, and the role of their government? What evidence of these shifts can you find in the politics and values of our own times?

The Great Depression refers to a severe economic downturn that began during 1929 and lasted till the late 1930s. It started with the stock market crash of October 1929 in the US, leading to widespread unemployment, poverty, and financial hardship. The Great Depression deeply impacted people and nations, leading to significant social and political changes.

The Great Depression profoundly impacted Americans' perceptions of themselves, their national identity, and the role of government. First, from being more individualistic, the US adopted a more collectivistic responsibility toward mitigating the devastating impacts of the Great Depression. This shift can be seen in the role of the government as well, like the New Deal policies implemented by the then-US president, Franklin D. Roosevelt. These policies expanded the federal government's role in providing relief, recovery, and reform.

The shift experienced during the Great Depression is also reflected in contemporary ideals and politics. This is specifically observed in the debates over the need for universal healthcare, social welfare programs, and economic regulation. For instance, debates around programs like Medicare and Social Security reflect the extent of government involvement in citizens' lives and the balance between personal responsibility and collective support. Moreover, other financial crises, like the 2008 recession and the economic downturn during the COVID pandemic and subsequent debates over stimulus packages and financial regulations demonstrate persistent concerns about the government's role in regulating the economy and addressing economic inequality.