Genes participating in informational processes such as replication, transcription, and translation are transferred between species much less often than are genes involved in metabolism. The basis for this inequality is unclear at present, but one suggestion is that it relates to the underlying complexity of the two types of processes. Informational processes tend to involve large aggregates of different gene products, whereas metabolic reactions are usually catalyzed by enzymes composed of a single protein. Why would the complexity of the underlying pro- cess—informational or metabolic—have any effect on the rate of horizontal gene transfer?
Bacterial Genomics
The study of the morphological, physiological, and evolutionary aspects of the bacterial genome is referred to as bacterial genomics. This subdisciplinary field aids in understanding how genes are assembled into genomes. Further, bacterial or microbial genomics has helped researchers in understanding the pathogenicity of bacteria and other microbes.
Transformation Experiment in Bacteria
In the discovery of genetic material, the experiment conducted by Frederick Griffith on Streptococcus pneumonia proved to be a stepping stone.
Plasmids and Vectors
The DNA molecule that exists in a circular shape and is smaller in size which is capable of its replication is called Plasmids. In other words, it is called extra-chromosomal plasmid DNA. Vectors are the molecule which is capable of carrying genetic material which can be transferred into another cell and further carry out replication and expression. Plasmids can act as vectors.
Genes participating in informational processes
such as replication, transcription, and translation are
transferred between species much less often than are
genes involved in
is unclear at present, but one suggestion is that it relates
to the underlying complexity of the two types of processes.
Informational processes tend to involve large aggregates
of different gene products, whereas metabolic reactions
are usually catalyzed by enzymes composed of a single
protein. Why would the complexity of the underlying pro-
cess—informational or metabolic—have any effect on the
rate of horizontal gene transfer?
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