For each Down syndrome fact, click to specify if the fact is true about Trisomy 21, translocation, or mosaic Down syndrome. Some facts may apply to more than one type. Trisomy Translocation Mosaic 21 Genetic alteration in all cells Occurs in 95% of those living with Down syndrome Fewer characteristics of Down syndrome Extra chromosome 21 attaches to another chromosome Varied mental and physical abilities ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ப ☐

For each Down syndrome fact, click to specify if the fact is true about Trisomy 21, translocation, or mosaic Down syndrome. Some facts may apply to more than one type. Trisomy Translocation Mosaic 21 Genetic alteration in all cells Occurs in 95% of those living with Down syndrome Fewer characteristics of Down syndrome Extra chromosome 21 attaches to another chromosome Varied mental and physical abilities ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ப ☐

Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Course List)

11th Edition

ISBN:9781305251052

Author:Michael Cummings

Publisher:Michael Cummings

Chapter6: Cytogenetics: Karyotypes And Chromosome Aberrations

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 22QP: Identify the type of chromosomal aberration described in each of the following cases: a. loss of a...

See similar textbooks

Question

For each Down syndrome fact, click to specify if the fact is true about Trisomy 21, translocation, or mosaic Down syndrome. Some facts may apply to more than one type.

Expert Solution

This question has been solved!

Explore an expertly crafted, step-by-step solution for a thorough understanding of key concepts.

SEE SOLUTION Check out a sample Q&A here

Step by step

Solved in 2 steps

SEE SOLUTION Check out a sample Q&A here

Similar questions

A normal female is discovered with 45 chromosomes, one ofwhich exhibits a Robertsonian translocation containing most ofchromosomes 18 and 21. Discuss the possible outcomes in heroffspring when her husband contains a normal karyotype.
A female patient 19 years old, whose symptoms areanemia and internal bleeding due to a massive buildupof leukemic white blood cells, is diagnosed withchronic myelogenous leukemia (CML). Karyotypeanalysis shows that the leukemic cells of this patientare heterozygous for a reciprocal translocation involving chromosomes 9 and 22. However, none of thenormal, nonleukemic cells of this patient contain thetranslocation. Which of the following statements istrue and which is false?a. The translocation results in the inactivation (loss offunction) of a tumor-suppressor gene.b. The translocation results in the inactivation (loss offunction) of an oncogene.c. There is a 50% chance that any child of this patientwill have CML.d. This patient is a somatic mosaic in terms of thekaryotype.e. DNA extracted from leukemic cells of this patient,if taken up by normal mouse tissue culture cells,could potentially transform the mouse cells intocells capable of causing tumors.f. The normal function of the…
Somatic cells in organisms of a particular diploidplant species normally have 14 chromosomes. Thechromosomes in the gametes are numbered from 1through 7. Rarely, zygotes are formed that containmore or fewer than 14 chromosomes. For each of thezygotes below, (i) state whether the chromosomecomplement is euploid or aneuploid; (ii) provideterms that describe the individual’s genetic makeupas accurately as possible; and (iii) state whether ornot the individual will likely develop through theembryonic stages to make an adult plant, and if so,whether or not this plant will be fertile.a. 11 22 33 44 5 66 77b. 111 22 33 44 555 66 77c. 111 222 333 444 555 666 777d. 1111 2222 3333 4444 5555 6666 7777
Chromosomal Abnormalities Name of Number of Classification of Affected Description autosomes and abnormality Chromosome Inumber Abnormality sex chromosomes Metafemale Numerical abnormality Sexual syndrome aneuploidy 47 Chromosome x Wolf-hirschhorn Structural abnormality Deletion syndrome 46 Chromosome 5 Structural abnormality Deletion Chromosome 11 Pallister-Killian Chromosome 12 syndrome 47 Chromosome 13 Isodicentic 15 syndrome 47 Numerical abnormality autosomal aneuploidy 47 Chromosome 18 Cat eye Chromosome 22 syndrome Down syndrome 47 With oblique eyes Numerical Also called as abnormality Sexual criminal syndrome aneuploid Turner syndrome 45 Numerical abnormality sexual aneuploid 45 Can not survive long Alagille syndrome Structural abnormality Translocation
A couple planning their family are aware that through the past threegenerations on the husband's side a substantial number of stillbirthshave occurred and several malformed babies were born who diedearly in childhood. The wife has studies genetics and urges herhusband to visit a genetic counseling clinic, where a completekaryotype-banding analysis is performed. Although the tests showthat he has a normal complement of 46 chromosomes, bandinganalysis reveals that one member of the chromosome 1 pair (ingroup A) contains an inversion covering 70 percent of its length.The homolog of chromosome 1 and all other chromosomes showthe normal banding sequence.(a) How would you explain the high incidence of past stillbirths?predictabouttheprobabilityof(b) What can you abnormality/normality of their future children?(c) Would you advise the woman that she will have to bring each pregnancy to term to determine whether the fetus is normal? Ifnot, what else can you suggest?
The plant Haplopappus gracilis has a 2n of 4. A diploid cellculture was established and, at premitotic S phase, aradioactive nucleotide was added and was incorporatedinto newly synthesized DNA. The cells were then removed from the radioactivity, washed, and allowed to proceed through mitosis. Radioactive chromosomes or chromatids can be detected by placing photographic emulsionon the cells; radioactive chromosomes or chromatids appeared covered with spots of silver from the emulsion.(The chromosomes “take their own photograph.”) Drawthe chromosomes at prophase and telophase of the firstand second mitotic divisions after the radioactive treatment. If they are radioactive, show it in your diagram. Ifthere are several possibilities, show them, too.
Is it more indicated for ageneticist desiring to map theX chromosome of the motherof a given family (theresearcher does not haveaccess to her DNA, only accessto the genetic material of theoffspring) to analyze thechromosomes of herdaughters or of her sons?
The karyotype of a young girl who is affected with familialDown syndrome revealed a total of 46 chromosomes. Her olderbrother, however, who is phenotypically unaffected, actually had45 chromosomes. Explain how this could happen. What wouldyou expect to be the numbers of chromosomes in the parents ofthese two children?
On rare occasions, people are born with a condition known as uniparental disomy. It happens when an individual inherits both copies of achromosome from one parent and no copies from the other parent. Thisoccurs when two abnormal gametes happen to complement each otherto produce a diploid zygote. For example, an abnormal sperm thatlacks chromosome 15 could fertilize an egg that contains two copies ofchromosome 15. In this situation, the individual has maternal uniparental disomy 15 because both copies of chromosome 15 were inheritedfrom the mother. Alternatively, an abnormal sperm with two copies ofchromosome 15 could fertilize an egg with no copies. This is known aspaternal uniparental disomy 15. If a female is born with paternal uniparental disomy 15, would you expect her to be phenotypically normal,have Angelman syndrome (AS), or have Prader-Willi syndrome(PWS)? Explain. Would you expect her to produce normal offspring oroffspring affected with AS or PWS?
With regard to the analysis of chromosome structure, explain theexperimental advantage that polytene chromosomes offer. Discusswhy changes in chromosome structure are more easily detected inpolytene chromosomes than in ordinary chromosomes.
Nondisjunction which can affect sex chromosomes as well as autosomal chromosomes as a common cause of genetic disorders. Use the space provided to illustrate the process of nondisjunction with the end result being that one cell exhibits in the monopsony me while other one exhibits trisomy. Hint: a sperm will fertilize the egg and add it’s chromosome in the last step)
Fragile-X syndrome causes the most common form of inherited intellectual disability. What is the chromosomal abnormality associated with this disorder? What is the phenotype of this disorder?