Draw a Punnett square for the dihybrid cross. There are two known alleles of gene occupying a specific locus in the X chromosome. The gene in question codes for a transcription factor involved in digit development. The mutant allele is dominant and gives rise to an additional but non-functioning little finger (polydactyly) on both hands. A couple have had their DNA sequenced at the region of interest, the male exhibits polydactyly because of the mutation, the female is homozygous wild type at the same locus and therefore has the wild type phenotype. Both have green eyes. In this story; eye colour shows a monogenic autosomal inheritance pattern and the allele for brown eyes shows incomplete dominance with that for blue eyes, the heterozygote phenotype is green eyes. The genes for eye colour and polydactyly show no linkage.

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Mitochondrial Mutations

A mitochondrion is a cellular organelle that serves as the site for cellular respiration and energy production (ATP or Adenosine Triphosphate). It is a double-membrane-bound organelle and is only present in eukaryotic cells.