Folic acid is synthesized in bacteria as dihydrofolate, in a pathway startingfrom guanosine triphosphate. In this pathway, C-8 is lost as formate. Fromthe structural similarities between guanine and pterin, predict which carbonand nitrogen atoms of GTP are the precursors to N-1, C-2, C-4, N-5, C-7,N-8, and C-9 of dihydrofolate. 510PABAGIUHN 47H,N2 N1Dihydrofolate7HN8.H,N 2 N43PP.PO5'3 2ÓH ÓHGTPZI

Dihydrofolic acid is a folic acid derivative which is converted to tetrahydrofolic acid by…

Answered: Folic acid is synthesized in bacteria…

Biochemistry

9th Edition

ISBN:9781319114671

Author:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Publisher:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Chapter1: Biochemistry: An Evolving Science

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1P

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Which folate structure (from the list below)(a) is the substrate for the enzyme that is inhibited by methotrexate andtrimethoprim?(b) has the most highly oxidized one-carbon substituent?(c) is used in the conversion of serine to glycine?(d) transfers its one-carbon substituent to a B12 coenzyme? What amino acid is synthesized as the end result of this reaction?(e) is the coenzyme for the thymidylate synthase reaction?(f) is not known to exist in nature?(g) is used in purine nucleotide synthesis?
Provide a simple sketch of the covalent intermediate likely to form between active site serine residue and diphenylcarbamyl chloride. Is DPCC more likely to covalently bind to serine, aspartate, or histidine?
Phosphoribosyltransferase (PRT) catalyzes the attachment of a salvaged purine nitrogenous base on the activated form of ribose-5-phosphate called 5-phosphoribosyl- α α-pyrophosphate ( α α-PRPP). True Or False
Draw the products that would be produced from phospholipase C cleavage of a glycerophospholipid with a phosphoserine head group, an alpha linoleic acid attached to C2 of glycerol and a linoleic acid attached to C, of glycerol. Draw these products at pH=1. Be sure to number the fatty acid carbons in your products.
A mutation has occurred that results in phosphofructokinase not being able to bind ATP in its allosteric site. What impact will this mutation have on the production of ATP in the cell? Select one: a. If no ATP can bind to the allosteric site, then phosphofructokinase will not be able to add the phosphate to fructose-6-phosphate to make fructose-1,6-bisphosphate and glycolysis will not work. So no pyruvate, not cellular respiration. b. If ATP cannot bind to the allosteric site, phosphofructokinase will not be activated to make more ATP by substrate-level phosphorylation. c. No impact on the production but will not be able to effectively shut off over production of ATP with feedback inhibition.
Which of the following mechanisms ensure that the utilization of dietary nucleic acids is effected? A salvage pathway involving the enzymes HGPRT and AGPRT catalyze the transfer of purines to phosphoribosylpyrophosphate Pyrimidines are incorporated directly to phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate. Purines and pyrimidines are synthesized from monomer units which are waste products of metabolism. . Both A and B All of these.
Compare and contrast the biological roles of the following amino acids the following pairs ofamino acids. Once you have documented these role state which member of the pair is most important and why.
The metabolic amino acid ornithine is a direct precursor of the polyamine putrescine, shown here. + HẠN–CH,CH,CH,CH, NH, + Subsequent reactions convert putrescine to spermine and spermidine. transamination Putrescine What type of reaction is required to convert ornithine to putrescine? O dehydration O methylation O decarboxylation What enzymatic cofactor is needed to convert ornithine to putrescine? O S-adenosylmethionine FeMo O tetrahydrofolate O pyridoxal phosphate
Prostaglandins are a class of eicosanoids, fatty acid derivatives with a variety of extremely potent actions on vertebrate tissues. They are responsible for producing fever and inflammation and its associated pain. Prostaglandins are derived from the 20- carbon fatty acid arachidonic acid in a reaction catalyzed by the enzyme prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase. This enzyme, a cyclooxygenase, uses oxygen to convert arachidonic acid to PGG₂, the immediate precursor of many different prostaglandins. Rate of formation of PGG₂ with 10 mg/ml ibuprofen (mm/min) Arachidonic acid (mm) VIX 0.175 0.210 0.315 0.525 1.23 Km The kinetic data given in the table are for the reaction catalyzed by a mutant of prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase. Focusing here on the first two columns, determine the Vmax and Km of the enzyme. 38.91 0.688 Rate of formation of PGG2 (mm/min) Incorrect 12.0 13.5 17.1 21.6 28.0 7.50 8.64 11.6 15.9 23.3 competitive inhibition uncompetitive inhibition Ibuprofen is an inhibitor…
Fatty acid biosynthesis occurs through a series of reactions involving fatty acid synthase (FAS), a polypeptide multienzyme complex. The result of this synthesis is a saturated fatty acid with up to 16 carbon atoms (palmitic acid). Longer fatty acids and unsaturated fatty acids result from modifications to fatty acids produced by FAS activity. What saturated fatty acid gives rise to myristoleic acid, CH3(CH2)3CH=CH(CH2),COOH? H₂ H₂ OH པཱལིནཊྛདྡྷིསཏྟཔཱཎཱསིངྒཱརཨིནྡྷནཾ ཀིཾསུ fatty acid + O2 + NADPH + H+ H3C H H myristoleic acid + 2 H2O + NADP+ Modufy the given molecule of myristoleic acid to show the fatty acid used to produce myristoleic acid. H₁C || Н H OH
Starting from glutamine + aspartate + glycine + CO + N-formyl-THF + ribose-5-P: How many ATP equivalents (GTP is an ATP equivalent) are required for the synthesis of the purine nucleotide ATP?
Glucose 6-phosphate is also a precursor for the synthesis of nucleotides that are used to build DNA and RNA. The first step of this pathway is catalyzed by an enzyme called glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase. Assume that reactions in this pathway with double arrows are reversible under cellular conditions, while those with single arrows are effectively irreversible. Which of the following enzymes, if present in your fructose-6-phosphate solution, would most substantially decrease the amount of 6-phosphogluconolactone you produce? Phosphoglucomutase G6P Dehydrogenase G6P Isomerase Hexokinase PFK-1

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