Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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Question
distinguish between spontaneity criteria of simple and and nonsimple system in terms of gibbs and helmhotz free energies
Expert Solution
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Step 1
Simple system is the single state system having no internal boundaries.
Non simple system has barrier which restrict to transfer energy or matter.
Step 2
Gibbs free energy:
It is the maximum amount of energy is available to a system during process to do some useful work.
G=H-TS
∆G is the change in Gibbs free energy.
∆H is the change in enthalpy.
∆S is the change in entropy.
T is the temperature.
The criteria for spontaneity in terms of Gibbs free energy change is:
- When Δ G is negative, process is spontaneous.
- When Δ G is positive, process is non-spontaneous.
- When Δ G is zero, process is in equilibrium.
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