Different strains of Streptococcus pyogenes have different virulence factors, giving these microbes much versatility. Virulence factors include which of the following? Choose one or more: A.A capsule that, when thick, will help the organism avoid phagocytosis by macrophages B.A cell wall containing lipoteichoic acid, thought to facilitate adherence to pharyngeal epithelial cells C.Enzymes that lyse blood cells (streptolysins) D.The production of several endotoxins called streptococcal pyogenic endotoxins (SPEs)

Q: All of the following are mechanisms used by pathogens to penetrate host defenses EXCEPT:   1.…

A: Correct answer is.. None of the other four answers (all are examples of how pathogens penetrate host…

Q: Which of the following statements about endotoxin is true? Ita) is an example of an A-B toxin.b) is…

A: Exotoxins are released by the live bacteria. The exotoxins are classified into three types. They…

Q: Here are four toxins: diphtheria toxin, cholera toxin, tetanus toxin, and exfoliative toxin. Choose…

A: Introduction A toxin is a poisonous substance or harmful substance produced within living cells or…

Q: The figure below shows antibodies bound to repetitive epitopes on the surface of a bacterial…

A: Answer: Antibody Antigen reaction : Antibodies are the peptide Y shaped structure which are produced…

Q: Encapsulated organisms can be phagocytized once antibodies against the capsule have been produced.…

A: Bacteria are prokaryotic organisms that have an undefined nucleus and nuclear membrane. Most of the…

Q: Fill in the blanks with correct answer. 1) Certain bacterial adherence-promoting factors can be…

A: 1) The bacterias are adhered to the tissue surface or mucosal lining with the help of pili, capsule,…

Q: What is a cytokine? A ) a. a chemical mediator (stimulus) of inflammation that is released by cells…

A: Cytokines low molecular weight regulatory proteins secreted by various cells in the body in response…

Q: In HIV, helper T cells are affected. Describe how this impacts both the humoral and cell- mediated…

A: HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) is a virus that attacks the immune system of the body. It creates…

Q: An example of an endogenous microorganism is: A.Fomites b.Skin bacteria present in dermatitis. c.Air…

A: The objective of the question is to identify an example of an endogenous microorganism from the…

Q: Draw a figure illustrating the sequence of events in a typical inflammatory response to a bacterial…

A: Since you have asked multiple questions, we will solve the first question for you. If you want any…

Q: What could the overuse of anti-bacterial agents lead to?

A: Bacteria is unicellular prokaryotic organisms containing primitive nucleus that can survive under…

Q: What term describes microbial molecules of pathogens such as peptidoglycan and LPS that can trigger…

A: Innate immunity is an in- born immunity what Ch gives protection against the invading pathogen or…

Q: List three virulence factors and explain their role in establishing a disease. What is the…

A: Answers

Q: How does the Capsule produced by S. pneumoniae allow them to have deep lung tissue invasion, also…

A: Streptococcus pneumoniae It is a Gram-positive, spherical bacteria. It is a facultative anaerobic…

Q: A positive tuberculin test shows cellular immunity to Mycobacterium tuberculosis. How could a person…

A: 1. Previous TB infection:  - When an individual is infected with M. tuberculosis, the bacteria are…

Q: The most common causes of bacterial meningitis can be the result of infection by three very…

A: Brain and spinal cord covered by membranous meninges. The fluid inside the meninges got viral and…

Q: O Lipase which convey resistance to lipids and staphlokinase which clots the blood. O Lipase which…

A: Virulence factors are the proteins or any other factor which enhances the infectious capacity of…

Q: Both antibodies and particular complement proteins, such as c3b, are capable of aiding phagocytes in…

A: Bacteria are a kind of organic cell. They comprise a huge space of prokaryotic microorganisms.…

Q: Which statement among A-D is false regarding bacterial toxins? A) O Hemolysins are cell membrane…

A: Toxins refer to poisonous substances that include a class of small molecules and proteins, which are…

Q: We have many antimicrobial drugs to treat bacterial infections, but very few for viruses.  Why is it…

A: Viruses pose sizable demanding situations to the body's immune device as they lurk inside cells,…

Q: that is a true pathogen. Which of the following specifically occur during the establishment and…

A: Compylobacter  A gram negative bacteria that causes diarrhoea.

Q: Father Mark has been ministering in a Pacific Island for years and recently noticed a discolored…

A: While preserving tolerance for self-antigens, the body's immune system is an intricate system of…

Q: Which of the following happens during inflammation? A) O The capillaries supplying blood to the area…

A: Immunity is the body's defense system that protects the body from the invasion of harmful particles…

Q: In certain bacterial illnesses, particularly lung infections with Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a…

A: Introduction :- Pseudomonas is a type of bacteria that is found commonly in the environment, like in…

Q: 57.  Transport media are usually used in clinical settings to ensure ............... Group of…

A: Hi dear, has per to our company policy i have answered to the first question. Please repost the…

Q: Coagulase is aknown factor in the ability of S. aureus to cause infection. However,…

A: Coagulase is an enzyme produced by some microbes that activates fibrinogen which result in blood…

Q: Immunoglobins help eliminate the pathogen through the process of:

A: Option C . Direct Phagocytosis .

Q: Interferons can slow down viral replication by inhibiting protein synthesis in in body cells. a.)…

A: Interferons This refers to the natural substance that are involved in helping the body's immune…

Q: Prions are infectious proteins: Select one: a. TRUE b. FALSE

A: Infection is a condition in which the body is affected by an external agent like bacteria, viruses…

Q: The circulating cytokines that recruit large numbers of phagocytes to the area of inflammation,…

A: Phagocytes are cells that are capable of engulfing foreign antigens such as microbes, toxins, and…

Reproductive system infection

The biological process through which parents produce new children is called reproduction. A reproductive system is a group of internal and external organs that collaborate to allow males and females to reproduce. Many experts believe that the reproductive system is one of the most important systems in the body due to its crucial function in the survival of the species. Among the body's basic systems, the reproductive tract is the one that differs the most between sexes, and it is also the only one that does not operate until puberty.