Draw a figure illustrating the sequence of events in a typical inflammatory response to a bacterial infection caused by injury to the skin (in 3 main stages).

Q: Define inflammation. Mention its types and its morphological patterns

A: Our body protects us from various foreign substance that enters our body by its defence mechanism.…

Q: How may the “immunologically privileged” status of the immune system play a role in latent…

A: Some microbes can remain inactive in the host bodies. They hide from the host immune system. For…

Q: The immune system can be split into two major categories, the innate immune system and the adaptive…

A: To protect the body from dangerous invaders like bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites, the immune…

Q: strep throat is the presence of swollen lymph nodes in the neck. This symptom usually peaks about…

A: The bacterial infection of the throat and tonsils is caused by the group A streptococcus. They…

Q: The first cell type active in the innate response is usually a(n)       A) phagocyte.…

A: The innate immune system is the first line of defence in the body.

Q: Cytokines and chemokines are major inflammatory mediators. Using examples explain their principal…

A: Inflammatory Mediators An inflammatory mediator is a type of messenger which basically acts on…

Q: Shigella, Mycobacterium, and numerous other pathogens have developed mechanisms that prevent them…

A: Pathogens have developed several methods to evade the immune mechanisms of the host. Evasion of the…

Q: Compare and contrast inflammation and infection.

A: Inflammation and infection are two related but distinct biological processes that the body employs…

Q: Explain the following statement: "Both bacteria and viruses can use similar mechanisms to evade the…

A: The immune system is the bodys defense against pathogens such as bacteria & viruses. Bacteria…

Q: Explain the mechanism of how inflammation takes part in different diseases? Explain this at your own…

A: Inflammation is the process in which the white blood cells protect from infections. The…

Q: Mycobacteria are intracellular pathogens that have adapted to life inside phagocytic cells, such as…

A: Mycobacterium is obligate aerobes. Mycobacteria infect mononuclear phagocytes. Mycobacteria are…

Q: Emil has fallen and scratched a wound on his knee. After a while, the knee swells and aches at the…

A: The entire activity of the immune system in tackling infection is depicted in the figure given.

Q: Describe briefly the three effector functions of complement activation that result from the initial…

A:

Q: B) Complement system activation and elimination of a bacterial pathogen "Map the activation of the…

A: The complement system is a part of the body's defence system that enhances the ability of antibodies…

Q: True or False: In non-disseminated infections, Mycobacterium species are restrained by type-1…

A: In non-disseminated infections Mycobacterium species are restrained by type-1 responses which…

Q: Outline and describe the steps of Classical pathway of complement activation; from initiation to…

A: The complement system is part of the body’s immune system. The complement system consists of…

Q: Which of the following component is the first involved in the classical complement activation…

A: A group of organs that utilize an immune response to defend the body against external substances or…

Q: Identify the cells that initiate inflammation and thecells that are activated by inflammatory…

A: The immune system in the body act as a defense system. It fights against disease and infection. The…

Q: Briefly account for the origins and actions of the major types ofinflammatory mediators and…

A: The immune system acts through various means to protect the body against foreign antigens and…

Q: What term describes microbial molecules of pathogens such as peptidoglycan and LPS that can trigger…

A: Innate immunity is an in- born immunity what Ch gives protection against the invading pathogen or…

Q: Although the inflammatory process is beneficial in most cases, it can sometimes be harmful. In what…

A: Inflammation is the body's reaction to fight off microbial, immune system, metabolic or physical…

Q: Macrophages and neutrophils both contribute to extracellular pathogen protection. Describe their…

A: DISCLAIMER FOR MULTIPART Since you have posted a question with multiple sub-parts, we will solve…

Q: Describe host tissue specificity for pathogens.

A: A pathogen is anything which is capable of causing disease in an organism. Germs or any infectious…

Q: “Type I interferons serve as the first line of defence against viral infections”. Give a schematic…

A: Type I interferons (IFNs) indeed serve as the first line of defense against viral infections. They…

Q: Complement is an integral part of the innate immune response to bacteria . One of its mechanisms of…

A: The complement system is made up of about 30 serum proteins and glycoproteins. It plays an important…

Q: The classic inflammatory response (heat, swelling, redness, pain) reflects the communication of…

A: The classic inflammatory response is a complex and coordinated series of events orchestrated by the…

Q: Draw a diagram illustrating the main steps in the inflammatory response.

A: The immune system is made up of innate (inherent) and adaptive (develops after birth) responses.…

Q: Correctly order the steps in cellular Immunity. Below is a sequence of events. Place them in the…

A: The cell mediated immunity is a safe reaction that doesn't include antibodies. Rather, cell mediated…

Q: Explain the two main features that characterize the third line of host defense mechanisms.

A: Introduction: The immune system is a complex network of immune cells and proteins that work together…

Q: Which of the following statements are TRUE about the process of inflammation? (Select all that…

A: Inflammation refers to the  body's process of fighting against infections, injuries, and toxins, in…

Q: Describe the components of the innate immune response.  Describe the sequence of events when a…

A: The innate immune system is considered as the first line of defense, which helps to provide…

Q: Mycobacterium tuberculosis recruits phagocytes to the site of infection. Based on this information,…

A: M. tuberculosis is a type of pathogenic bacteria that is responsible for causing the disease…

Q: How many types of “foreign molecules” (use the proper term where needed) does each cell recognize?…

A: Antigens can be classified according to their source: Antigens from outside the body Exogenous…

Q: Describe the mechanism of the classical complement pathway and discuss the critical role that the…

A: Introduction :- One of three pathways that activate the complement system, which is part of the…

Q: Pathogenic organisms cause damage to the host by a variety of mechanisms, depending on the category…

A: The immune system is the defense system that helps in the prevention and destruction of foreign…

Q: adaptive immune response

A: Immunity : The ability of the host to fight against the disease causing organism i.e., pathogen…

Q: Multiple pathways for regulating complement activation limit the potential damage caused by…

A: The complement pathway is a complicated process that aids in the eradication or suppression of…

Q: All of the following are methods intracellular pathogens can use to survive inside a host cell…

A: Pathogens are the organisms which upon entering in to the  host causes infectious diseases.…

Q: Why is the evasion of phagocytosis a type of virulence factor?

A: The chemicals that help the bacteria invade the host at the cellular level are known as virulence…

Q: Describe the cellular and vascular events of inflammation which lead to the four classic signs of…

A: The cellular response to short-term cell injury or infection is known as acute inflammation. Acute…