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Describe the role of each of the membrane proteins shown in the picture below.  Think about what is happening to the electrons and describe how energy is transformed as electrons move along the chain. Part of this involves the formation of the proton gradient. The other part is the explanation of the energetics of electron transport that you investigated above. In other words, the reason that electrons always flow from complex I to complex III to complex IV to oxygen.

Describe the role of each of the membrane proteins shown in the picture below.  Think about what is happening to the electrons and describe how energy is transformed as electrons move along the chain. Part of this involves the formation of the proton gradient. The other part is the explanation of the energetics of electron transport that you investigated above. In other words, the reason that electrons always flow from complex I to complex III to complex IV to oxygen.

Biochemistry
Biochemistry
9th Edition
ISBN:9781319114671
Author:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.
Publisher:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.
Chapter1: Biochemistry: An Evolving Science
Section: Chapter Questions
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Describe the role of each of the membrane proteins shown in the picture below.  Think about what is happening to the electrons and describe how energy is transformed as electrons move along the chain. Part of this involves the formation of the proton gradient. The other part is the explanation of the energetics of electron transport that you investigated above. In other words, the reason that electrons always flow from complex I to complex III to complex IV to oxygen.

a. + 99999 Inner + membrane 88888888 b. 4 H 4 H+ 2 e ++ + Inner membrane NAD Dihydroxyacetone phosphate Glycerol-3-P dehydrogenase Succinate dehydrogenase || 2 e NADH + H+ -2 H+ FADH, Citrate cycle QH₂ Fumarate Succinate NADH-ubiquinone Ubiquinone-cytochrome c oxidoreductase oxidoreductase FADH₂ Glycerol-3-P 2 e 2 H+ FADH₂ 2 e 2H+ ОН. Fatty acids Acetyl-CoA 4 H+ 2 H ||| 4 H ||| 2 x 1e Cytc 2 x 1 e Intermembrane 2 x 1e Cyt c ETF-Q oxidoreductase space 2 e 2H+ + O₂ H₂O IV 2 H+ Cytochrome c oxidase Mitochondrial matrix Intermembrane space 2 x 1 e 2 e 2 H+ IV 2H+ + O₂ H₂O 2H+ 2 H+ Mitochondrial matrix Figure 11.8 Electron pairs (2 e) from NADH and FADH₂ flow through the electron transport system. a. Electrons from NADH enter the electron transport syster at complex I, then flow to coenzyme Q, complex III, and complex IV. A total of 10 H* are concomitantly translocated. b. Electron pairs are derived from FADH₂ oxidation at complex II (succinate dehydrogenase), from ETF-Q oxidoreductase of the fatty acid oxidation pathway, or from mitochondrial glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, which is part of the glycerol-3-phosphat shuttle. A total of 6 H* are concomitantly translocated when electrons are derived from FADH₂.
Transcribed Image Text:a. + 99999 Inner + membrane 88888888 b. 4 H 4 H+ 2 e ++ + Inner membrane NAD Dihydroxyacetone phosphate Glycerol-3-P dehydrogenase Succinate dehydrogenase || 2 e NADH + H+ -2 H+ FADH, Citrate cycle QH₂ Fumarate Succinate NADH-ubiquinone Ubiquinone-cytochrome c oxidoreductase oxidoreductase FADH₂ Glycerol-3-P 2 e 2 H+ FADH₂ 2 e 2H+ ОН. Fatty acids Acetyl-CoA 4 H+ 2 H ||| 4 H ||| 2 x 1e Cytc 2 x 1 e Intermembrane 2 x 1e Cyt c ETF-Q oxidoreductase space 2 e 2H+ + O₂ H₂O IV 2 H+ Cytochrome c oxidase Mitochondrial matrix Intermembrane space 2 x 1 e 2 e 2 H+ IV 2H+ + O₂ H₂O 2H+ 2 H+ Mitochondrial matrix Figure 11.8 Electron pairs (2 e) from NADH and FADH₂ flow through the electron transport system. a. Electrons from NADH enter the electron transport syster at complex I, then flow to coenzyme Q, complex III, and complex IV. A total of 10 H* are concomitantly translocated. b. Electron pairs are derived from FADH₂ oxidation at complex II (succinate dehydrogenase), from ETF-Q oxidoreductase of the fatty acid oxidation pathway, or from mitochondrial glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, which is part of the glycerol-3-phosphat shuttle. A total of 6 H* are concomitantly translocated when electrons are derived from FADH₂.
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