Describe the mechanism of a-chymotrypsin. Explain the roles of constituents of the catalytic triad, their modes of catalysis, and the significance of the oxyanion hole in the catalysis.
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- Briefly explain the role of the oxyanion hole for the catalysis of chymotrypsin.Describe the experimental evidence that supports lysozyme’s catalysis by acid– base catalysis, covalent catalysis, and transition state stabilization.What are the amino acids of the catalytic triad of chymotrypsin? State the mode of catalysis shown by each of the amino acids that you have named. (a) (b) Predict what will happen if aspartic acid of the triad is replaced by asparagine. (c) Briefly explain the role of the oxyanion hole for the catalysis of chymotrypsin.
- Diagram the hydrogen-bonding interactions of the catalytic triad His–Lys–Ser during catalysis in a hypothetical hydrolytic enzyme.In working skeletal muscle under anaerobic conditions, glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate is converted to pyruvate (the payoff phase of glycolysis), and the pyruvate is reduced to lactate. Write balanced biochemical equations for all the reactions in this process, with the standard free-energy change for eachreaction. Then write the overall or net equation for the payoff phase of glycolysis (with lactate as the end product), including the net standard free-energy change.Mechanisms of catalysis : 2.1 Acid-base catalysis summary + example 2.2 Electrostatic catalysis summary + example 2.3 Covalent catalysis summary + example 2.4 Enzymen catalysis summary 2.5 Mechanism of chymotrypsin summary. These mechanisms involve several of the above-mentioned catalyses. In these summaries, do not just draw a diagram of the proposed mechanisms. It is more important to understand which reaction steps involve what kind of catalysis and how these help to reduce the activation energy needed for the reaction (e.g. a step in the reaction mechanism could be electrostatic catalysis to stabilise the transitions state) 2.6 Mechanism of lysozyme summary. These mechanisms involve several of the above-mentioned catalyses. In these summaries, do not just draw a diagram of the proposed mechanisms. It is more important to understand which reaction steps involve what kind of catalysis and how these help to reduce the activation energy needed for the reaction (e.g.…
- Using the principles described in the text regarding pyridoxal phosphate mechanisms, propose a mechanism for the reaction catalyzed by serine hydroxymethyltransferase.What is the biochemical rationale for ATP serving as a positive regulator of ATCase?One treatment for hyperuricemia is administration of xanthine oxidase inhibitors like allopurinol. What is the biochemical rationale for this treatment? Discuss the mechanism and show an illustration how this drug able to alleviate symptoms of hyperuricemia?
- What are the measures to inhibit the Maillard reaction in undesirable situations. please explain detailedMost individuals with genetic defects in oxidative phosphorylation are found to have relatively high concentrations of alanine in their blood. how this in biochemical terms? please help :)Briefly describe the role of nucleophilic catalysis in the mechanism of the chymotrypsin reaction.