Q: List the protein complexes in the mitochondrial ETC anddescribe their functions.
A: The electron transport chain is a series of protein complexes that transfers electrons from electron…
Q: According to the chemiosmotic theory, what would be theeffect on oxidative phosphorylation of…
A: During glycolysis, citric acid cycle, fatty acid oxidation, reduced electron carriers, NADH, and…
Q: Explain how Ca2+, NOS/RNS and mitochondrial membrane transfer problems are inter-related and how/why…
A: Reactive nitrogen species (RNS) are the antimicrobial molecules derived from nitric oxide (•NO) and…
Q: Draw and label a lipid bilayer containing the large mitochondrial trans-membrane protein complexes…
A: The structure is called a lipid bi-layer because it is composed of two layers of fat cells organized…
Q: Explain the relationship between the metabolic pathwayswithin the mitochondria and glycolysis.
A: Answer- The food we eat is converted into glucose by breakdown using various enzymes of the…
Q: It has taken considerable amounts of re search to establish the number of protons pumped across the…
A: In plants, the electron transport chain(ETC) tends to occurs in the thylakoid of the chloroplasts,…
Q: If electron flow through the ETC stops, what happens to the proton gradient across the mitochondrial…
A: 1.If Electron flow through the ETC stops, proton gradient cannot be maintained i.e, less ATP will be…
Q: Describe the molecular mechanisms of mitochondrial ATP synthesis.
A: Mitochondria are membrane-bound organelles that can be found in nearly every eukaryotic cell.They…
Q: What would be the effect on ATP production of decreasing the pH inside the mitochondrial matrix?…
A: The mitochondria is a double membrane-bound organelle found in most of the eukaryotic organisms.…
Q: Explain how a gradient of protons is established across the inner mitochondrial membrane during…
A: Chemiosmosis is the movement of ions across a semipermeable membrane bound structure down their…
Q: Electron transfer translocates protons from the mitochondrial matrix to the external medium,…
A: Given : pH medium = 7.4 pH matrix = 7.7 Temperature = 25 degrees celcius = ( 273+25 ) K = 298 K (0…
Q: Draw a simple sketch illustrating an inner mitochondrial membrane that is actively involved in…
A: The mitochondria are one of the cellular organelles, which has a double bilipid membrane and the…
Q: A principle of biology is that structure determines function.Explain how the invaginations of the…
A: The mitochondria are one of the important cell organelles presents in the eukaryotic cell. The…
Q: What is the role of each of the following in the electron transport chain: (a) FADH 2; (b) ADP; (c)…
A: The electron transport chain(ETC) acts as a storehouse for several proteins embedded into membranes…
Q: Complex III delivers 4 protons. Where do these 4 come from UQH2 mitochondrial intermembrane space…
A: Introduction :- The electron transport chain's Complex III, also known as Q-cytochrome c…
Q: Identify the final acceptor of the electrons released in the reactions of cellular respiration.
A: Cellular respiration is known as a metabolic pathway that results in the breakdown of glucose and…
Q: Make a rough drawing of the four complexes in the Electron Transport Chain. Label each side of the…
A: The electron transport chain is the process by which the reducing equivalents are oxidized. The…
Q: It has taken considerable amounts of research to establish the number of protons pumped across the…
A: A series of sequential electron-transporting steps is important for the generation of energy…
Q: Diagram how high energy electrons are used to produce ATP in the mitochondrial inner membrane (or…
A: Mitochondria is a powerhouse of the cell and is the main energy producer of the cell.
Q: Is mitochondrial ATP synthase an integral membrane protein?
A: An integral membrane protein is a type of membrane protein that is permanently attached to the…
Q: A chemical is applied to cells that allows the free flow of protons across the mitochondrial…
A: Cellular respiration refers to the group of metabolic reactions that takes place in the cell, which…
Q: Sketch the double-membrane system of the mitochondrion and show where electron transfer chains and…
A: The electron transport chain occurs in mitochondria is a very vital organ during aerobic cellular…
Q: Which directions across the mitochondria must H+, ATP, ADP, and Pi travel during active…
A: Protons (H+) pass back to mitochondrial matrix through a channel in the ATP synthase. It uses…
Q: explain why oxidative phosphorylation is an emergent property of the mitochondria
A: The mitochondria is one of the important cell organelle present in the eukaryotic cell. The…
Q: What is the minimum voltage drop for individual electron transfer events in the mitochondrial…
A: The electron transport chain that occurs in mitochondria is present in a sequence of electron…
Q: Explain in your own words the transport of four protons out of the mitochondrial matrix via the Q…
A: In electron transport (ETC), the quinol Q cycle is the series of reactions of the oxidation and…
Q: What is the minimum voltage drop for individual electrontransfer events in the mitochondrial…
A: The electron transport chain that occurs in mitochondria is present in a sequence of electron…
Q: Draw and label a lipid bilayer containing the large mitochondrial trans-membrane protein complexes…
A: Complex 1- electrons go to Complex 1, 4 protons pumped from matrix to intermembrane space. Complex…
Q: Explain why an intact, impermeable mitochondrial membrane is essential forATP synthesis.
A: Oxidative phosphorylation is considered as a process, in which ATP is synthesized, which is utilized…
Q: A larger proton gradient is required to forma single ATP in chloroplasts than in mitochondria.…
A: Major constituents of the living world are plants. These organisms require energy for performing…
Q: Describe some similarities between the electron transportchains in chloroplasts and in mitochondria.
A: A biological cell is a hub of biochemical and metabolic activities. Numerous such activities run…
Q: Describe the processes that are driven by mitochondrial electron transport.
A: Electron transport is part of cellular respiration.
Q: Explain the organization of electron carriers in mitochondrial membrane.
A: The inner mitochondrial membrane contains various components of the electron transport system. It…
Q: Explain how oxidative phosphorylation is linked to electron transport and how the two processes can…
A: Introduction: Oxidative metabolism takes place in the mitochondrial matrix of the eukaryotic cells.
Q: Why is the measure of the rate of oxygen consumption a means of determining mitochondrial activity?
A: Cells need oxygen to carry out the various metabolic activities. They are collectively called…
Q: list and describe the three major carrier molecule classes that are utilized in the electron…
A: Electron transport systems (ETS) have a significant role in the respiratory process in the body. The…
Q: Look at the diagram of the mitochondrial electron transport chain below and answer the questions…
A: Introduction: The electron transport chain is the transfer of electrons from NADH and FADH2 to…
Q: Oxidative phosphorylation generates ATP using the reducing power of [NADH, FADH2 or malate] to move…
A: In the electron transport chain there are three large multiprotein complexes that can serve as…
Q: The following diagrams illustrate the two aqueous spaces and the inner membrane of the…
A: Answer 5) The process of forming ATP from ADP and Pi coupled with electron transport chain is termed…
Q: Assume there is no cyanide poisoning. What would happen if the inner mitochondrial membrane was…
A: Mitochondrial permeabilization means increasing the permeability of the inner mitochondrial membrane…
Q: In the section dealing with “NAD+ in disease” it is mentioned that metabolomics results indicate…
A: Complex I is the first enzyme of the respiratory chain. It oxidizes NADH, which is generated through…
Q: Fill in the bold using the table. Because the inner mitochondrial membrane is impermeable to L,…
A: Acetyl-CoA is produced by the breakdown of both carbohydrates and lipids. It then enters the citric…
Q: propose a mechanism that could allow pyruvate to cross the mitochondrial memebranes to enter the…
A: Pyruvate is the end product of glycolysis that occurs in the cytosol.
Q: In the section dealing with “NAD+ in disease” it is mentioned that metabolomics results indicate…
A: NADH-coenzyme Q oxidoreductase, also known as NADH dehydrogenase or complex I, is the first protein…
Q: Describe the involvements of the followings in the electron transport centre in the inner…
A: The electron transport chain (ETC) is responsible for the oxidation of NADH and FADH2 molecules…
Q: E A C F В H O2 G Fumarate
A: The electron transport chain is a process in which the NADH and [FADH2] that is produced during…
Q: Complexes I and II of the electron transport complex transfer electrons from NADH and succinate,…
A: The electron transport chain is a series of protein complexes that transfer electrons from electron…
Q: During chemiosmosis, ATP synthase ____________________. Select all that apply produces ATP in the…
A: Chemiosmosis refers to the movement of ions across a semipermeable membrane bound structure, down…
Q: Suppose that the cytochrome complexes were not embedded within the mitochondrial inner membrane.…
A: The term chemiosmosis refers to the movement of chemical species from its higher concentration to…
Define chemiosmosis and explain how a gradient of protons is established across the inner mitochondrial membrane.
![](/static/compass_v2/shared-icons/check-mark.png)
Trending now
This is a popular solution!
Step by step
Solved in 3 steps with 1 images
![Blurred answer](/static/compass_v2/solution-images/blurred-answer.jpg)
- Explain how a gradient of protons is established across the inner mitochondrial membrane during chemiosmosisDraw a simple sketch illustrating an inner mitochondrial membrane that is actively involved in chemiosmosis and label the two compartments it separates. Add the ATP synthase complex, indicate the proton gradient, and specify in which compartment ATP is synthesized.Describe the molecular mechanisms of mitochondrial ATP synthesis.
- Describe the processes that are driven by mitochondrial electron transport.Explain how Ca2+, NOS/RNS and mitochondrial membrane transfer problems are inter-related and how/why this kills cells.When the antibiotic X is added to actively respiring mitochondria, several things happen: the yield of ATP decreases, the rate of O2 consumption increases, heat is released, and the pH gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane increases. Does X act as an uncoupler or an inhibitor of oxidative phosphorylation? Explain the experimental observations in terms of the antibiotic’s ability to transfer K+ ions across the inner mitochondrial membrane.
- Explain the organization of electron carriers in mitochondrial membrane.In the 1930s, some physicians prescribed low doses of a compound called dinitrophenol (DNP) to help patients lose weight. This unsafe method was abandoned after some patients died. DNP uncouples the chemiosmotic machinery by making the lipid bilayer of the inner mitochondrial membrane leaky to H+. Chemical agents that cause this effect are called uncouplers. Explain how this could cause weight loss and also death. Considering the danger, is there any use for compounds like DNP or other uncouplers?Explain why an intact, impermeable mitochondrial membrane is essential forATP synthesis.
- Predict the outcome of a mitochondrial membrane that is more permeable to hydrogen ions than normal. answer choices A.) Increased levels of inorganic phosphate in the mitochondrial matrix B.) Reduced formation of water C.) Reduced activity of electron transport chain D.) Increased activity of ATP synthaseThe glycerol-3-phosphate shuttle can transport cytosolic NADH equivalents into the mitochondrial matrix (see Fig. 15.11c). In this shuttle, the protons and electrons are donated to FAD, which is reduced to FADH₂. These protons and electrons are subsequently donated to coenzyme Q in the electron transport chain. End of Chapter Problem 86a How much ATP is generated per mole of glucose when the glycerol-3-phosphate shuttle is used? (Tolerance is +/- 2%) ATP are generated per glucose.According to the chemiosmotic theory, what would be theeffect on oxidative phosphorylation of allowing otherpositive ions to diffuse across the inner mitochondrialmembrane?
![Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap …](https://www.bartleby.com/isbn_cover_images/9781285866932/9781285866932_smallCoverImage.gif)
![Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap …](https://www.bartleby.com/isbn_cover_images/9781285866932/9781285866932_smallCoverImage.gif)