Considering the general structure of penicillins, how are they rendered ineffective? Select one: a. β-Lactamase performs nucleophilic attack of the amide in the penicillin side chain b. β-Lactamase performs nucleophilic attack of the amide in the β-lactam ring and subsequently hydrolyzes this intermediate c. β-Lactamase performs nucleophilic attack of the thiazolidone ring on the carbon next to the electronegative sulfur leading to a covalently inhibited β-Lactamase d. All of these e. None of these
Considering the general structure of penicillins, how are they rendered ineffective?
β-Lactamase performs nucleophilic attack of the amide in the penicillin side chain
β-Lactamase performs nucleophilic attack of the amide in the β-lactam ring and subsequently hydrolyzes this intermediate
β-Lactamase performs nucleophilic attack of the thiazolidone ring on the carbon next to the electronegative sulfur leading to a covalently inhibited β-Lactamase
All of these
None of these
Penicillin is an antibiotic that inhibits the formation of peptidoglycan cross-links of the bacterial cell wall. Thereby it inhibits the cell wall formation in bacteria. Penicillin is obtained from Penicillium fungi. The beta-lactam ring is a core structure of several antibiotics like penicillins, cephalosporins, carbapenems, and monobactams. The antibiotics that use the beta-lactam ring in their mechanism of action are also known as beta-lactam antibiotics.
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