Consider the reaction 3Fe2O3(s) + H₂(g) 2Fe3O4(s) + H₂O(g) for which AH = -6.000 kJ and AS°= 88.70 J/K at 298.15 K (1) Calculate the entropy change of the UNIVERSE when 1.681 moles of Fe2O3(s) react under standard conditions at 298.15 K A Suniverse J/K (2) Is this reaction reactant or product favored under standard conditions? (3) If the reaction is product favored, is it enthalpy favored, entropy favored, or favored by both enthalpy and entropy? If the reaction is reactant favored, choose 'reactant favored'.

Consider the reaction 3Fe2O3(s) + H₂(g) 2Fe3O4(s) + H₂O(g) for which AH = -6.000 kJ and AS°= 88.70 J/K at 298.15 K (1) Calculate the entropy change of the UNIVERSE when 1.681 moles of Fe2O3(s) react under standard conditions at 298.15 K A Suniverse J/K (2) Is this reaction reactant or product favored under standard conditions? (3) If the reaction is product favored, is it enthalpy favored, entropy favored, or favored by both enthalpy and entropy? If the reaction is reactant favored, choose 'reactant favored'.

Chemistry

10th Edition

ISBN:9781305957404

Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Chapter1: Chemical Foundations

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...

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Determine the universe entropy change ΔS° (universe) in J/K (with 4 significant figures) for the reaction below at 298.15 K. Note that the temperature of surroundings is also 298.15 K. I2(s) + 3Cl2 (g) → 2 ICl3 (s) The standard entropy change and enthalpy change of the reaction (from the system) are given below: ΔS° (reaction) = -450.33 J/K and ΔH° (reaction) = -179.16 kJ
Consider the reactionCa(OH)2(aq) + 2HCl(aq)CaCl2(s) + 2H2O(l)for which H° = -30.20 kJ and S° = 205.9 J/K at 298.15 K.(1) Calculate the entropy change of the UNIVERSE when 2.325 moles of Ca(OH)2(aq) react under standard conditions at 298.15 K.Suniverse = J/K(2) Is this reaction reactant or product favored under standard conditions?(3) If the reaction is product favored, is it enthalpy favored, entropy favored, or favored by both enthalpy and entropy? If the reaction is reactant favored, choose 'reactant favored'.
Consider the reactionS(s,rhombic) + 2CO(g)SO2(g) + 2C(s,graphite)for which H° = -75.80 kJ and S° = -167.6 J/K at 298.15 K.(1) Calculate the entropy change of the UNIVERSE when 1.716 moles of S(s,rhombic) react under standard conditions at 298.15 K. Suniverse = J/K (2) Is this reaction reactant or product favored under standard conditions?(3) If the reaction is product favored, is it enthalpy favored, entropy favored, or favored by both enthalpy and entropy? If the reaction is reactant favored choose 'reactant favored'.
ChemistryA system changes isothermally at T = 1oC from state 1 to state 2. Many paths are possible for this change, including path A with heat q(A) = -417 kJ, path B with heat q(B) = 233 J, and the reversible path C with heat q(rev) = 438 J. Calculate the entropy change [in J/K] for the system.
Consider the following reaction under standard conditions, in which DHo and DSo are given. CO(g) + 2H2(g) --> CH3OH(g); DHo = -90.5 kJ, and DSo = -219.2 J/K What is DGo if the reaction is carried out at 250oC under standard conditions? Is the reaction spontaneous under this condition? (A) DGo = -35.7 kJ; the reaction is spontaneous (B) DGo = 145.3 kJ; the reaction is not spontaneous (C) DGo = -205.1 kJ; the reaction is spontaneous (D) DGo = 24.1 kJ; the reaction is not spontaneous
A critical reaction in the production of energy to do work or drive chemical reactions in biological systems is the hydrolysis of adenosine triphosphate, ATP, to adenosine diphosphate, ADP, as described by the reaction ATP(aq) + H,O(1) → ADP(aq) + HPO (aq) for which AGixn = -30.5 kJ/mol at 37.0 °C and pH 7.0. Calculate the value of AGxn in a biological cell in which [ATP] = 5.0 mM, [ADP] = 0.40 mM, and [HPO?-] = 5.0 mM. AGxn kJ/mol %3D Is the hydrolysis of ATP spontaneous under these conditions? O yes
(a) Does the entropy of the surroundings increase for spontaneousprocesses? (b) In a particular spontaneous processthe entropy of the system decreases. What can you concludeabout the sign and magnitude of ΔSsurr? (c) Duringa certain reversible process, the surroundings undergo anentropy change, ΔSsurr = -78 J/K. What is the entropychange of the system for this process?
A critical reaction in the production of energy to do work or drive chemical reactions in biological systems is the hydrolysis of adenosine triphosphate, ATP, to adenosine diphosphate, ADP, as described by the reaction ATP(aq) + H, O(1) - ADP(aq) + HPO (aq) for which AGan = -30.5 kJ/mol at 37.0 °C and pH 7.0. Calculate the value of AG, in a biological cell in which [ATP] = 5.0 mM, [ADP] = 0.40 mM, and (HPO = 5.0 mM. %3D %3D kJ/mol AGan = + TOOLS x10 Is the hydrolysis of ATP spontaneous under these conditions? O yes no
The oxidation of glucose to CO, and water is a major source of energy in aerobic organisms. It is a reaction favored mainly by a large negative en- thalpy change. CH,O6(s) + 60:(g) - 6CO:(g) + 6H,0(1) AH = -2816 kJ/mol AS = +181 J/mol · K (a) At 37 °C, what is the value for AG? (b) In the overall reaction of aerobic metabolism of glucose, 32 moles of ATP are produced from ADP for every mole of glucose oxidized. Calculate the standard state free energy change for the overall reaction when glu- cose oxidation is coupled to the formation of ATP at 37 °C. (c) What is the efficiency of the process in terms of the percentage of the available free energy change captured in ATP?
Consider the reaction 6CO2(g) + 6H20((1) C,H12O6 + 602(g) for which AH° = 2.801×10° kJ and AS° = -259.0 J/K at 298.15 K. (1) Calculate the entropy change of the UNIVERSE when 1.722 moles of CO2(g) react under standard conditions at 298.15 K. ASuniverse J/K (2) Is this reaction reactant or product favored under standard conditions? (3) If the reaction is product favored, is it enthalpy favored, entropy favored, or favored by both enthalpy and entropy? If the reaction is reactant favored, choose 'reactant favored'.
Consider the reaction Fe(s) + 2HCl(aq) → FeCl₂ (s) + H₂(g) for which AH = -7.400 kJ and AS = 107.9 J/K at 298.15 K. 1. Calculate the entropy change of the UNIVERSE when 2.385 moles of Fe(s) react under standard conditions at 298.15 K. ASuniverse J/K 2. Is this reaction reactant or product favored under standard conditions? 3. If the reaction is product favored, is it enthalpy favored, entropy favored, or favored by both enthalpy and entropy? If the reaction is reactant favored, choose 'reactant favored'. Submit Answer Retry Entire Group 5 more group attempts remaining
For the reaction NH4NO3(aq) 1 N₂O(g) + 2 H₂0 (1) AG° -179.4 kJ and AH = -149.6 kJ at 298 K and 1 atm. This reaction is (reactant, product) favored under standard conditions at 298 K. The entropy change for the reaction of 1.51 moles of NH4NO3(aq) at this temperature would be J/K.