on Consider the reaction CO(g) + H₂O(1) CO₂(g) + H₂(g) for which AH° = 2.800 kJ and AS° = 76.80 J/K at 298.15 K. (1) Calculate the entropy change of the UNIVERSE when 2.468 moles of CO(g) react under standard conditions at 298.15 K. Suniverse (2) Is this reaction reactant or product favored under standard conditions? V J/K (3) If the reaction is product favored, is it enthalpy favored, entropy favored, or favored by both enthalpy and entropy? If the reaction is reactant favored choose 'reactant favored'. HOWED

on Consider the reaction CO(g) + H₂O(1) CO₂(g) + H₂(g) for which AH° = 2.800 kJ and AS° = 76.80 J/K at 298.15 K. (1) Calculate the entropy change of the UNIVERSE when 2.468 moles of CO(g) react under standard conditions at 298.15 K. Suniverse (2) Is this reaction reactant or product favored under standard conditions? V J/K (3) If the reaction is product favored, is it enthalpy favored, entropy favored, or favored by both enthalpy and entropy? If the reaction is reactant favored choose 'reactant favored'. HOWED

Chemistry

10th Edition

ISBN:9781305957404

Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Chapter1: Chemical Foundations

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...

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Consider the reaction 3Fe,O3(s) + H2(g)- →2FE3O4(s) + H20(g) for which AH° = -6.000 kJ and AS° = 88.70 J/K at 298.15 K. (1) Calculate the entropy change of the UNIVERSE when 1.575 moles of Fe,O3(s) react under standard conditions at 298.15 K. ASuniverse J/K (2) Is this reaction reactant or product favored under standard conditions? (3) If the reaction is product favored, is it enthalpy favored, entropy favored, or favored by both enthalpy and entropy? If the reaction is reactant favored, choose 'reactant favored'.
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Use the standard molar entropies in the hint to calculate the AS value for the following reaction. 2H₂S(g) +30₂(g) → 2H₂O(g) +2SO₂(g) J/K
The decomposition of nitrogen pentoxide in the reaction 2N₂O5 (s)→ 4NO2(g) + O2(g) is endothermic with AH = +110 kJ/mol. Even so, this reaction is spontaneous for temperatures above 230 K because the change of a solid into a gas is a large increase of entropy.
Consider the reactionCa(OH)2(aq) + 2HCl(aq)CaCl2(s) + 2H2O(l)for which H° = -30.20 kJ and S° = 205.9 J/K at 298.15 K.(1) Calculate the entropy change of the UNIVERSE when 2.325 moles of Ca(OH)2(aq) react under standard conditions at 298.15 K.Suniverse = J/K(2) Is this reaction reactant or product favored under standard conditions?(3) If the reaction is product favored, is it enthalpy favored, entropy favored, or favored by both enthalpy and entropy? If the reaction is reactant favored, choose 'reactant favored'.
Chemistry
Consider the reactionS(s,rhombic) + 2CO(g)SO2(g) + 2C(s,graphite)for which H° = -75.80 kJ and S° = -167.6 J/K at 298.15 K.(1) Calculate the entropy change of the UNIVERSE when 1.716 moles of S(s,rhombic) react under standard conditions at 298.15 K. Suniverse = J/K (2) Is this reaction reactant or product favored under standard conditions?(3) If the reaction is product favored, is it enthalpy favored, entropy favored, or favored by both enthalpy and entropy? If the reaction is reactant favored choose 'reactant favored'.
Consider the reaction 2NH3(g) + 3N₂O(g) → 4N₂ (9) + 3H₂O(g) for which AH° = − 879.5 kJ and AS° = 288.1 J/K at 298.15 K. 1. Calculate the entropy change of the UNIVERSE when 2.344 moles of NH3(g) react under standard conditions at 298.15 K. ASuniverse = J/K 2. Is this reaction reactant or product favored under standard conditions? 3. If the reaction is product favored, is it enthalpy favored, entropy favored, or favored by both enthalpy and entropy? If the reaction is reactant favored, choose 'reactant favored'.
Methanol is burned as fuel in some race cars. This makes it clear that the reaction is spontaneous once methanol is ignited. Yet the entropy change for the reaction 2 CH3 OH (l) + 3 O2 (g) to 2 CO2 (g) + 4 H2 O(l) is negative. Why doesn't this violate the second law of thermodynamics?
The energy produced by a spontaneous reaction is often used to provide the energy to drive nonspontaneous reactions. For example, the conversion of ATP to ADP in our cells acts as the energy source for the nonspontaneous reactions that combine amino acids during protein synthesis. Here is the conversion of ATP to ADP: ATP(aq) + H,O = ADP(aq) + HPO,²-(aq) AG° = -30.0 kj/mol A typical reaction combining two amino acids during protein synthesis has a AG = 15.0 kJ/mol. What is the minimum ATP concentration required to provide the energy to combine 1 mole of amino acid synthesis (total energy = 15.0 kJ)? Assume that the concentration of ADP = 9 µM (micromolar) and HPO42- = 4 mM (millimolar). %3! %3D
Calculate ΔS when 25.0 g ethanol at 50.0 °C is added to 75.0 g ethanol at 10.0 °C in an insulated container where Cp = 111.5 J/mol K. Calculate the change in entropy of each ethanol sample, and then the total entropy change. Comment on what is happening to each sample, and overall. (answers: warm = -6.11 J/K; cold = +5.69 J/K; total = 0.42 J/K)
Given the following reaction, calculate the standard entropy at 25oC. 2NO(g) + O2(g) 2NO2(g) (Sof NO2 = 240.1 J mol-1K-1; Sof NO = 210.8 J mol-1K-1; Sof O2 = 205.1 J mol-1K-1)