ion Consider the reaction CO₂(g) + H₂O(1)→ H₂CO(g) + O₂(g) for which AH° = 563.3 kJ and AS° = 140.5 J/K at 298.15 K. (1) Calculate the entropy change of the UNIVERSE when 1.864 moles conditions at 298.15 K. J/K ASuniverse (2) Is this reaction reactant or product favored under standard conditions? CHECK ANSWER CO₂(g) react under standard (3) If the reaction is product favored, is it enthalpy favored, entropy favored, or favored by both enthalpy and entropy? If the reaction is reactant favored, choose 'reactant favored'.

ion Consider the reaction CO₂(g) + H₂O(1)→ H₂CO(g) + O₂(g) for which AH° = 563.3 kJ and AS° = 140.5 J/K at 298.15 K. (1) Calculate the entropy change of the UNIVERSE when 1.864 moles conditions at 298.15 K. J/K ASuniverse (2) Is this reaction reactant or product favored under standard conditions? CHECK ANSWER CO₂(g) react under standard (3) If the reaction is product favored, is it enthalpy favored, entropy favored, or favored by both enthalpy and entropy? If the reaction is reactant favored, choose 'reactant favored'.

Chemistry

10th Edition

ISBN:9781305957404

Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Chapter1: Chemical Foundations

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...

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Do not give handwriting solution. Calculate the entropy change, ΔS, for the following processes. If needed, Cp(O2)= 29.4 J mol-1 K-1 and Cp(CO2) = 37.1 J mol-1 K-1.(a) The pressure of one mole of O2(g) is increased from P to 2P at 298 K.(b) The temperature of one mole of CO2(g) is increased from 298 K to 355 K at aconstant volume of 20.0 L.
Please report in correct sigfigs and in units of kJ/mol
A critical reaction in the production of energy to do work or drive chemical reactions in biological systems is the hydrolysis of adenosine triphosphate, ATP, to adenosine diphosphate, ADP, as described by the reaction ATP(aq) + H,O(1) → ADP(aq) + HPO (aq) for which AGixn = -30.5 kJ/mol at 37.0 °C and pH 7.0. Calculate the value of AGxn in a biological cell in which [ATP] = 5.0 mM, [ADP] = 0.40 mM, and [HPO?-] = 5.0 mM. AGxn kJ/mol %3D Is the hydrolysis of ATP spontaneous under these conditions? O yes
Be sure to answer all parts. For the gaseous reaction of carbon monoxide and chlorine to form phosgene (COCl₂), perform the following calculations. (a) Calculate the AS at 298 K (AH° = −220. kJ/mol and AG° = −206 kJ/mol). kJ/mol K (b) Assuming that AS and AH change little with temperature, calculate AG at 450. K. kJ/mol
The energy produced by a spontaneous reaction is often used to provide the energy to drive nonspontaneous reactions. For example, the conversion of ATP to ADP in our cells acts as the energy source for the nonspontaneous reactions that combine amino acids during protein synthesis. Here is the conversion of ATP to ADP: ATP(aq) + H,O = ADP(aq) + HPO,²-(aq) AG° = -30.0 kj/mol A typical reaction combining two amino acids during protein synthesis has a AG = 15.0 kJ/mol. What is the minimum ATP concentration required to provide the energy to combine 1 mole of amino acid synthesis (total energy = 15.0 kJ)? Assume that the concentration of ADP = 9 µM (micromolar) and HPO42- = 4 mM (millimolar). %3! %3D
Consider the reaction 2NaOH(aq) + H2(g)—2Na(s) + 2H2O(l) for which AH° = 368.6 kJ and AS° = 15.30 J/K at 298.15 K. (1) Calculate the entropy change of the UNIVERSE when 1.759 moles of NaOH(aq) react under standard conditions at 298.15 K. ASuniverse= J/K (2) Is this reaction reactant or product favored under standard conditions? (3) If the reaction is product favored, is it enthalpy favored, entropy favored, or favored by both enthalpy and entropy? If the reaction is reactant favored, choose 'reactant favored'. Submit Answer
The decomposition of copper (1) oxide to its elements does not occur spontaneously at 375°C (AG = 140.0 kJ): Cu₂0 (s) 2 Cu (s) + 1/2O₂(g). It can be made to occur spontaneously by being coupled to the oxidation of solid carbon to form carbon monoxide gas at this same temperature (AG = -143.8 kJ): C(s) + 1/2O₂(g) → CO (g) What product(s) is/are produced as a result of coupling the two reactions? CO (g) 2 Cu (s) and 1/2 O₂ (g) 2 Cu (s) and CO (g) 2 Cu (s), 1/2 O2 (g), and CO (g) 1/2 0₂ (g)
Given the data in the table in the figure at 1 atm and 25.0 °C, calculate the standard heat of reaction, ∆H°₂₅, for the reaction Zn(s) + Cu²⁺(aq) → Zn²⁺(aq) + Cu(s) A) 216.8 kJ are evolved per mole B) 88.0 kJ are evolved per mole C) 88.0 kJ are absorbed per mole D) 216.8 kJ are absorbed per mole
"M" represents a metallic element. "X" represents a nonmetallic element. Calculate ΔH for the process M3X4(s) ⟶ 3M(s) + 2X2(g) from the following information: M(s) + ½X2(g) ⟶ MX(s) ΔH°= -286.2 kJ 3MX(s) + ½X2(g) ⟶ M3X4(s) ΔH°= -84.3 kJ
AG (ky/mol) SUbStance / 1on so (ky/mol) -1206.9 /moi k) 92.9 • CaC03l>) -|128.8 • CaO (s) |- 635. I – 60 3.5 38.2 • CO2(9) - 393.5 - 394.4 213.7 191.5 3 H2(g) 202.7 ZNH3 ) -45.9 -16 193 • Hz (g) 202.7 223.0 -92.31 - 95. 30 186.79
Determine the standard entropy of NO(g) given the following information: NO(g)+0,(g) → NO, (g) AS xn = -73.2 J/K Substance S° (J/mol · K) NO2(3) 240.0 O2(g) 205.0 NO(g) ? O -210.7 J/K O +210.7 J/K +108.2 J/K -108.2 J/K O +54.1 J/K