Complete the following statement about conjugation. Bacterial confirmation is the equivalent of sexual reproduction in eukaryotes in that it necessitates cell to cell contact. The donor cell just contain a 1. Blank which is distinct from the larger bacterial chromosome. The 2. Blank carry genes in the 3. Blank which regular the conjugation process

Complete the following statement about conjugation. Bacterial confirmation is the equivalent of sexual reproduction in eukaryotes in that it necessitates cell to cell contact. The donor cell just contain a 1. Blank which is distinct from the larger bacterial chromosome. The 2. Blank carry genes in the 3. Blank which regular the conjugation process

Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)

4th Edition

ISBN:9781305389892

Author:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan

Publisher:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan

Chapter17: Bacterial And Viral Genetics

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1ITD

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Conjugation is sometimes called bacterial mating. Is it a form ofsexual reproduction? Explain.
The figure below shows a partial chromosome map of an E. coli Hfr strain. Each mark = 10 minutes between conjugation transfer time. If transfer of genes begins at “*” relative to the origin of transfer, what is one of the predicted results from this map? It would take less than 30 minutes to transfer all of the genes that are shown. gal and azi will rarely be transferred together. gal and ton will rarely be transferred together. Ten minutes after transfer of ton, lac will be transferred. This strain will produce very few gal recombinants.
Three pairs of bacterial cells with the given genotypes undergo conjugation. Place match the genotype of each cell after conjugation to its initial genotype. F+ x F Hfr F- F' F- Answer Bank F F F+ Hfr What is the role of the F-factor in conjugation? It contains genes necessary for replication of the donor's F plasmid. can occur. It allows auxotrophic bacterial cells to survive on minimal medium so that conjugation It contains genes that force recombination between the donor and recipient chromosomes. It contains genes necessary for the formation of the pilus. O It degrades the chromosome of the recipient cell after conjugation.
Which of the following statements about conjugation is false? After a F- cell has conjugated with an F+ cell, both cells would be F+. Both Hfr and F+ bacteria have the ability to produce a sex pilus. In F+ × F- conjugation, none of the bacterial chromosome is transferred; only the F factor is. A Hfr strain usually transfers the entire bacterial chromosome to the recipient cell. F' × F- conjugation can produce a partially diploid bacterial cell.
Referring to conjugation in bacteria: Mark all cell types for which the following statement is true. Cell is used as a donor cell in conjugation. Select one or more: O a. F+ O b. F- O c. Hfr O d. F"
Briefly discuss the following questions in 3 to 5 sentences. What is horizontal gene transfer? What are the three mechanisms for this to occur in bacteria? What are the components needed for the processes of transformation, conjugation, and transduction? How does each process occur? What genes are involved in each process? How do generalized and specialized transduction differ? What is the end result of each? What is recombination? What is the importance to bacteria & archaea? What are the two types of recombination? What are the details of each type? What components are needed for each type?
Which of the following statements about Hfr strains of E. coli is FALSE? Group of answer choices Hfr stands for "high frequency recombination" In Hfr strains, the F factor is integrated into the main bacterial chromosome The location and order of genes along the chromosome can be mapped using the time of transfer of different marker genes. Genetic exchange between Hfr and F− strains is studied using the interrupted mating technique In Hfr strains, the F factor is integrated into a plasmid
Briefly explain the process of bacterial conjugation, and explain how it is different from conjugation in humans.
Bacterial conjugation has medical consequences. For example, certain plasmids contain genes that code for toxins. The causative agent of a deadly form of food poisoning, E. coli 0157, synthesizes a toxin that causes massive bloody diarrhea and kidney failure. This toxin is now believed to have originated in Shigella, another bacterium that causes dysentery. Similarly, the growing problem of antibiotic resistance is partly attributable to the spread of antibioticresistant genes among bacterial populations. Antibiotic resistance develops because antibiotics are overused in medical practice and in livestock feeds. Suggest a mechanism by which this extensive use promotes antibiotic resistance.
In conjugation, when a bacterial F factor is transferred: the donor cell turns into a recipient cell the donor cell becomes F- chromosomal DNA is transferred in the mating the recipient cell becomes F- the recipient cell becomes F+
E. coli cells are simultaneously infected with two strains of phage λ. One strain has a mutant host range, is temperature sensitive, and produces clear plaques (genotype h st c); another strain carries the wildtype alleles (genotype h+ st+ c+). Progeny phages are collected from the lysed cells and are plated on bacteria. The following numbers of different progeny phages are obtained: Progeny phage genotype Number of plaques h+ c+ st+ 321 h c st 338 h+ c st 26 h c+ st+ 30 h+ c st+ 106 h c+ st 110 h+ c+ st 5 h c st+ 6 a. Determine the order of the three genes on the phage chromosome. b. Determine the map distances between the genes. c. Determine the coefficient of coincidence and the interference
Which of the following is a bacterial genetic recombination mechanism that happens with the aid of bacteriophages. * O meiosis conjugation transduction binary fission O transformation tomperate phages*