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1. INTRODUCTION All biological activities depend on metabolic energy, and thus understanding why rates of metabolism vary is of fundamental importance. A major factor affecting meta- bolic rate is body size. Respiratory metabolic rate (R) typically scales with body mass (M) according to the power function R=aM, where a is a normalization constant (antilog of the intercept in a log-log plot) and b is the scaling exponent (slope in a log-log plot). Rubner (1883) observed that the scaling exponent b was 2/3 in dogs of different size, which he explained using the theory of Sarrus & Rameaux (1839: cited in McNab 2002). According to this theory, to maintain a constant body temperature, endothermic animals must metabolically produce enough body heat to exactly balance the amount of heat lost through their body surface. Therefore, since body surface scales as M, so should metabolic rate. However, in broader comparisons of different species of mammals, Kleiber (1932) found that b was closer to 3/4 than 2/3. Since that time, it has been commonly assumed that b is typically 3/4, a generalization known as 'Kleiber's h e law' or the 3/4-power law' (Brody 1945; Hemmingsen

1. INTRODUCTION All biological activities depend on metabolic energy, and thus understanding why rates of metabolism vary is of fundamental importance. A major factor affecting meta- bolic rate is body size. Respiratory metabolic rate (R) typically scales with body mass (M) according to the power function R=aM, where a is a normalization constant (antilog of the intercept in a log-log plot) and b is the scaling exponent (slope in a log-log plot). Rubner (1883) observed that the scaling exponent b was 2/3 in dogs of different size, which he explained using the theory of Sarrus & Rameaux (1839: cited in McNab 2002). According to this theory, to maintain a constant body temperature, endothermic animals must metabolically produce enough body heat to exactly balance the amount of heat lost through their body surface. Therefore, since body surface scales as M, so should metabolic rate. However, in broader comparisons of different species of mammals, Kleiber (1932) found that b was closer to 3/4 than 2/3. Since that time, it has been commonly assumed that b is typically 3/4, a generalization known as 'Kleiber's h e law' or the 3/4-power law' (Brody 1945; Hemmingsen

Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is A. (a) organ, organ system,...
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What are the meaning to the variables in R=aM^b please help
1. INTRODUCTION All biological activities depend on metabolic energy, and thus understanding why rates of metabolism vary is of fundamental importance. A major factor affecting meta- bolic rate is body size. Respiratory metabolic rate (R) typically scales with body mass (M) according to the power function R=aM, where a is a normalization constant (antilog of the intercept in a log-log plot) and b is the scaling exponent (slope in a log-log plot). Rubner (1883) observed that the scaling exponent b was 2/3 in dogs of different size, which he explained using the theory of Sarrus & Rameaux (1839: cited in McNab 2002). According to this theory, to maintain a constant body temperature, endothermic animals must metabolically produce enough body heat to exactly balance the amount of heat lost through their body surface. Therefore, since body surface scales as M, so should metabolic rate. However, in broader comparisons of different species of mammals, Kleiber (1932) found that b was closer to 3/4 than 2/3. Since that time, it has been commonly assumed that b is typically 3/4, a generalization known as 'Kleiber's h e law' or the 3/4-power law' (Brody 1945; Hemmingsen
Transcribed Image Text:1. INTRODUCTION All biological activities depend on metabolic energy, and thus understanding why rates of metabolism vary is of fundamental importance. A major factor affecting meta- bolic rate is body size. Respiratory metabolic rate (R) typically scales with body mass (M) according to the power function R=aM, where a is a normalization constant (antilog of the intercept in a log-log plot) and b is the scaling exponent (slope in a log-log plot). Rubner (1883) observed that the scaling exponent b was 2/3 in dogs of different size, which he explained using the theory of Sarrus & Rameaux (1839: cited in McNab 2002). According to this theory, to maintain a constant body temperature, endothermic animals must metabolically produce enough body heat to exactly balance the amount of heat lost through their body surface. Therefore, since body surface scales as M, so should metabolic rate. However, in broader comparisons of different species of mammals, Kleiber (1932) found that b was closer to 3/4 than 2/3. Since that time, it has been commonly assumed that b is typically 3/4, a generalization known as 'Kleiber's h e law' or the 3/4-power law' (Brody 1945; Hemmingsen
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