B-vitamins and the Brain The dietary B-complex vitamins, which include B1 (thiamine), B2 (riboflavin), B3 (niacin), pantothenate, biotin, folate, B6, and B12, are important regulators of neurotransmitter function. Vitamin B6 is an important cofactor for the enzymes that synthesize the neurotransmitters serotonin, epinephrine, and norepinephrine, and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). B vitamins may impact brain function and mood, given their role in neurotransmitter production. A lack of basic B vitamins (folic acid, B6, and B12) in the diet thought to impact on the rate of brain atrophy associated with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and with healthy aging. Sources of B-vitamins Thiamin: dark green leafy vegetables, fortified whole-grain cereals, wheat germ, green peas, lentils, and nuts Riboflavin: Asparagus, spinach and other dark green leafy vegetables, chicken, fish, and eggs Niacin: Chicken, turkey, salmon, canned tuna packed in water, legumes, peanuts, and whole wheat Folate: Leafy greens, and other fresh fruits and vegetables B6: Poultry, seafood, bananas, leafy green vegetables, and potatoes B12: shellfish, such as clams, mussels and crab, and soy products Biotin: Egg yolks, salmon, and avocado

B-vitamins and the Brain The dietary B-complex vitamins, which include B1 (thiamine), B2 (riboflavin), B3 (niacin), pantothenate, biotin, folate, B6, and B12, are important regulators of neurotransmitter function. Vitamin B6 is an important cofactor for the enzymes that synthesize the neurotransmitters serotonin, epinephrine, and norepinephrine, and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). B vitamins may impact brain function and mood, given their role in neurotransmitter production. A lack of basic B vitamins (folic acid, B6, and B12) in the diet thought to impact on the rate of brain atrophy associated with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and with healthy aging. Sources of B-vitamins Thiamin: dark green leafy vegetables, fortified whole-grain cereals, wheat germ, green peas, lentils, and nuts Riboflavin: Asparagus, spinach and other dark green leafy vegetables, chicken, fish, and eggs Niacin: Chicken, turkey, salmon, canned tuna packed in water, legumes, peanuts, and whole wheat Folate: Leafy greens, and other fresh fruits and vegetables B6: Poultry, seafood, bananas, leafy green vegetables, and potatoes B12: shellfish, such as clams, mussels and crab, and soy products Biotin: Egg yolks, salmon, and avocado

Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Course List)

11th Edition

ISBN:9781305251052

Author:Michael Cummings

Publisher:Michael Cummings

Chapter10: From Proteins To Phenotypes

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 14QP: If phenylalanine was not an essential amino acid, would diet therapy (the elimination of...

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