Assume that the four living box turtle species on the right in the figure below evolved from their common ancestor on the left without convergence or reversal. Reconstruct their evolutionary relationships and label all seven character transitions. Which evolved first: yellow plastron (bottom shell) or blue chin strap? Carapace spots or no tail? B B

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Marine Evolution

Marine habitat is less explored, and hence, its biological diversity is far less known. The marine habitats are not constant due to their shifting nature, while the terrestrial habitats are more stable. Marine biology is the science that deals with the study of diverse marine species, their interactions, and behavioral characteristics.