Alterations in which of the following intracelluar pathways appear to be required for human cell transformation (select all that apply)? A. Retinoblastoma B. Protein Phosphatase 2A C. p53 D. RAS E. Telomere function
Alterations in which of the following intracelluar pathways appear to be required for human cell transformation (select all that apply)?
| A. |
Retinoblastoma |
|
| B. |
Protein Phosphatase 2A |
|
| C. |
p53 |
|
| D. |
RAS |
|
| E. |
Telomere function |
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(a)
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To Determine: If the given statement is true or false.
Introduction: Proteins or other chemical messengers can activate receptors on the cell surface to trigger cell signalling, which transmits messages inside the cell via pathways from the membrane to the nucleus. Complex interactions exist between cell signalling molecules and the mechanisms that regulate apoptosis and programmed cell death.
During apoptosis, a wide range of enzymes and cell signalling channels are modified or altered, and malfunction of cell death pathways is linked to the onset and development of tumours as well as the production of proto-oncogenes, which, when turned on or off, cause cancer.
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The given statement is true.
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A key player in inhibiting the cell cycle and developing tumours is the tumour suppressor protein Rb. The Rb gene is mutated and deleted in several human tumours and inherited allelic loss of Rb increases the risk of developing some cancers, such as retinoblastoma and osteosarcoma.
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